CBTRUS Statistical Report: Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation Childhood and Adolescent Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2014-2018

Abstract

The CBTRUS Statistical Report: Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation Childhood and Adolescent Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2014-2018 comprehensively describes the current population-based incidence of primary malignant and non-malignant brain and other CNS tumors in children and adolescents ages 0-19 years, collected and reported by central cancer registries covering approximately 100% of the United States population. Overall, brain and other CNS tumors are the most common solid tumor, the most common cancer, and the most common cause of cancer death in children and adolescents ages 0-19 years. This report aims to serve as a useful resource for researchers, clinicians, patients, and families.

Fig. 1

Effect of Reclassification of Pilocytic Astrocytoma from Malignant to Non-Malignant Behavior for Diagnoses in Children and Adolescents Ages 0–19 Years on A) Average Annual Incidence from 2014–2018 and B) Relative Survival after Diagnosis from 2004–2017, CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: US Cancer Statistics—NPCR and SEER, 2014–2018.

Fig. 2

Annual Incidence Rates of All Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors and Mortality Rates of Malignant Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors in Children and Adolescents Ages 0–19 Years, CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: US Cancer Statistics—NPCR and SEER, 2004–2018.

Fig. 3

Average Annual Age-Specific Incidence Rates per 100,000 Population of A) All Primary Malignant and Non-Malignant Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors, and B) Glioma in Children and Adolescents Ages 0–19 Years by Central Cancer Registry, CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: US Cancer Statistics—NPCR and SEER, 2014–2018.

Fig. 4

Distribution^a in Children and Adolescents Ages 0–19 Years of All Primary Malignant and Non-Malignant Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors (Five-Year Total = 25,497; Annual Average Cases = 5,099) by A) Site and B) Histopathology, CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: US Cancer Statistics—NPCR and SEER, 2014–2018.

Fig. 5

Incidence Rates and Incidence Rate Ratios (IRR) with 95% Confidence Intervals by Sex for Selected Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumor Histopathologies in Children and Adolescents Ages 0–19 Years, CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: US Cancer Statistics—NPCR and SEER, 2014–2018.

Fig. 6

Incidence Rate and Incidence Rate Ratios (IRR) with 95% Confidence Intervals by Race for Selected Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumor Histopathologies in Children and Adolescents Ages 0–19 Years, CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: US Cancer Statistics—NPCR and SEER, 2014–2018.

Fig. 7

Incidence Rates and Incidence Rate Ratios (IRR) with 95% Confidence Intervals by Hispanic Ethnicity for Selected Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumor Histopathologies in Children and Adolescents Ages 0–19 Years, CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: US Cancer Statistics—NPCR and SEER, 2014–2018.

Fig. 8

Annual Age-Specific Incidence Rates of All Primary Malignant and Non-Malignant Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors in Children and Adolescents Ages 0–19 Years, and Incidence Trends in Comparison to Other Common Childhood and Adolescent Cancers, CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: US Cancer Statistics—NPCR and SEER, 2004–2018.

Fig. 9

Annual Age-Specific Incidence Rates and Annual Percent Change (APC) with 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) of Selected Primary Malignant and Non-Malignant Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors and Incidence Trends by the Five Most Common Histopathologies by Age Group in All (Ages 0–19 Years), Infants (0–3 Years), Children (Ages 4–14 Years), and Adolescents (Ages 15–19 Years), CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: US Cancer Statistics—NPCR and SEER, 2004–2018.

Fig. 10

Average Annual Age-Specific Mortality Rates for Malignant Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors in Children and Adolescents Ages 0–19 Years by Central Cancer Registry, CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: NVSS, 2014–2018.

Fig. 11

Annual Age-Specific Mortality Rates of Primary Malignant and Non-Malignant Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors and Morality Trends in Children and Adolescents Ages 0–19 Years in Comparison to Other Common Childhood and Adolescent Cancers, CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: NVSS, 1969–2018.

Fig. 12

Annual Age-Specific Mortality Rates of Primary Malignant and Non-Malignant Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors and Mortality Trends in Children and Adolescents Ages 0–19 Years by Age Group, CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: NVSS, 1969–2018.

Fig. 13

Survival by Year of Diagnosis in Children and Adolescents Ages 0–19 Years for A) High Grade Gliomas and B) Medulloblastoma, CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: US Cancer Statistics—NPCR, 2004–2018.

Fig. 14

Hazard Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals by Year of Diagnosis for Death Due to High Grade Glioma and Medulloblastoma in Children and Adolescents Ages 0–19 Years, Adjusted for Sex, Race/Ethnicity, and Treatment, CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: US Cancer Statistics—NPCR, 2004–2017.

Fig. 15

Average Annual Age-Specific Incidence Rates with 95% Confidence Intervals and Average Annual Cases for All Primary Malignant and Non-Malignant Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors Ages 0–19 Years in Comparison to Top Five Highest Incidence Cancers for Children and Adolescents Overall and by Age Groups, CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: US Cancer Statistics—NPCR and SEER, 2014–2018.

Fig. 16

Annual Average Age-Specific Mortality Rates with 95% Confidence Intervals and Average Annual Deaths for Primary Malignant Brain and Other CNS Tumors in Ages 0–19 years as Compared to the Top Five Causes of Death and Top Five Cancer Causes of Death for Children and Adolescents, Overall and by Age Groups, CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: NVSS, 2014–2018.

Fig. 17

Estimated Prevalent Cases in the United States in 2022 in Children and Adolescents Ages 0–19 Years for A) the Eight Most Prevalent Cancers in Children and Adolescents, B) by the Ten Most Prevalent Brain and Other Central Nervous System Histopathologies CBTRUS Childhood and Adolescent Report: US Cancer Statistics—NPCR and SEER, 1975–2018 (varying).