Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Sep 8;8(1):201.
doi: 10.1186/s40814-022-01164-3.

Prospective evaluation of sport activity and the development of femoroacetabular impingement in the adolescent hip (PREVIEW): results of the pilot study

Olufemi R Ayeni  1   2 ; PREVIEW Pilot Investigators
Collaborators, Affiliations

Prospective evaluation of sport activity and the development of femoroacetabular impingement in the adolescent hip (PREVIEW): results of the pilot study

Olufemi R Ayeni et al. Pilot Feasibility Stud. .

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this pilot study was to validate the feasibility of a definitive study aimed at determining if high-intensity physical activity during adolescence impacts the development of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI).

Methods: This prospective cohort pilot study had a sample size target of 50 volunteers between 12 and 14 years old at sites in Canada, South Korea, and the Netherlands. Participants were evaluated clinically and radiographically at baseline and at 2 years. The participants' sport and physical activity were evaluated using the Habitual Activity Estimation Scale (HAES) and the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM) criteria for sport specialization. The primary outcome was feasibility and secondary outcomes included the incidence of radiographic FAI and hip range of motion, function (Hip Outcome Score, HOS), and quality of life (Pediatric Quality of Life questionnaire, PedsQL) at 24 months. Study groups were defined at the completion of follow-up, given the changes in participant activity levels over time.

Results: Of the 54 participants enrolled, there were 36 (33% female) included in the final analysis. At baseline, those classified as highly active and played at least one organized sport had a higher incidence of asymptomatic radiographic FAI markers (from 6/32, 18.8% at baseline to 19/32, 59.4% at 24 months) compared to those classified as low activity (1/4, 25% maintained at baseline and 24 months). The incidence of radiographic FAI markers was higher among sport specialists (12/19, 63.2%) compared to non-sport specialists (8/17, 47.1%) at 24 months. The HOS and PedsQL scores were slightly higher (better) among those that were highly active and played a sport compared to those who did not at 2 years (mean difference (95% confidence interval): HOS-ADL subscale 4.56 (- 7.57, 16.70); HOS-Sport subscale 5.97 (- 6.91, 18.84); PedsQL Physical Function 7.42 (- 0.79, 15.64); PedsQL Psychosocial Health Summary 6.51 (- 5.75, 18.77)).

Conclusion: Our pilot study demonstrated some feasibility for a larger scale, definitive cohort study. The preliminary descriptive data suggest that adolescents engaged in higher levels of activity in sports may have a higher risk of developing asymptomatic hip deformities related to FAI but also better quality of life over the 2-year study period.

Keywords: Adolescents; Femoroacetabular impingement; Magnetic resonance imaging; Sports specialization.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

ORA declares a non-financial conflict of interest due to association with the Speakers Bureau for Conmed and Stryker Canada. LT was the Senior Statistician for this study and is also the Co-Editor in Chief of Pilot and Feasibility Studies.

References

    1. Agricola R, Heijboer MP, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Verhaar JA, Weinans H, Waarsing JH. Cam impingement causes osteoarthritis of the hip: a nationwide prospective cohort study (CHECK) Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72(6):918–923. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201643. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Kowalczuk M, Yeung M, Simunovic N, Ayeni OR. Does femoroacetabular impingement contribute to the development of hip osteoarthritis? A systematic review. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 2015;23(4):174–179. doi: 10.1097/JSA.0000000000000091. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Beck M, Kalhor M, Leunig M, Ganz R. Hip morphology influences the pattern of damage to the acetabular cartilage: femoroacetabular impingement as a cause of early osteoarthritis of the hip. J Bone Joint Surg (Br) 2005;87(7):1012–1018. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.87B7.15203. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Giori NJ, Trousdale RT. Acetabular retroversion is associated with osteoarthritis of the hip. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2003;417:263–269. doi: 10.1097/01.blo.0000093014.90435.64. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Tanzer M, Noiseux N. Osseous abnormalities and early osteoarthritis: the role of hip impingement. Clin Orthop Relat R. 2004;429:170–177. doi: 10.1097/01.blo.0000150119.49983.ef. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources