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. 2022 Sep 5;19(17):11113.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph191711113.

The Effect of UV Treatment on Surface Contact Angle, Fibroblast Cytotoxicity, and Proliferation with Two Types of Zirconia-Based Ceramics

Vygandas Rutkunas  1 , Rokas Borusevicius  1 , Evaldas Balciunas  2 , Urte Jasinskyte  2 , Milda Alksne  2 , Egidijus Simoliunas  2 , Stefan Zlatev  3 , Vasilena Ivanova  4 , Virginija Bukelskiene  2 , Eitan Mijiritsky  5
Affiliations

The Effect of UV Treatment on Surface Contact Angle, Fibroblast Cytotoxicity, and Proliferation with Two Types of Zirconia-Based Ceramics

Vygandas Rutkunas et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

UV photofunctionalization of Zirconia-based materials for abutment fabrication is a promising approach that might influence the formation of a sound peri-implant seal, thus promoting long-term soft and hard tissue implant integration. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of UV treatment of test specimens made by two different ZnO2-based ceramic materials on the hydrophilicity, cell cytotoxicity, and proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). Two Zirconia-based materials, high-translucent and ultra-translucent multi-layered Zirconia (Katana, Kuraray Noritake, Japan), were used to prepare a total of 40 specimens distributed in two equally sized groups based on the material (n = 20). The same surface finishing protocol was applied for all specimens, as suggested by the manufacturer. Half the specimens from each group were treated with UV-C light for 48 h. Water contact angle (WCA), fibroblast cytotoxicity, and proliferation were investigated. The WCA values for the high-translucent Zirconia ranged from 69.9° ± 6.4° to 73.7° ± 13.9° for the treated/non-treated specimens and from 79.5° ± 12.8° to 83.4° ± 11.4° for the ultra-translucent multi-layered Zirconia, respectively. However, the difference was insignificant (F(16) = 3.50, p = 0.292). No significant difference was observed for the fibroblast cytotoxicity test. The results for proliferation revealed a significant difference, which was material-dependent (F(8) = 9.58, p = 0.005). We found that UV surface photofunctionalization of ZrO2-based materials alters the human gingival fibroblast cell viability, which might produce favourable results for cell proliferation.

Keywords: UV photofunctionalization; fibroblast proliferation; surface roughness; water contact angle; zirconia.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study design scheme.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Dimensions of specimens used in the study.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Profilometry images for both materials included in the study based on the location: (A) ZrO-HT centre, (B) ZrO-HT periphery, (C) ZrO-UTML centre, (D) ZrO-UTML periphery.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Surface roughness of the two materials included in the study.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Cytotoxicity assessment as a ratio of the 12th hour control reference for the four groups included in the study.
Figure 6
Figure 6
The tendency of HGF proliferation in the different study groups for the tested time-points at 24, 48, and 72 h.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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