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. 2022 Aug 27;15(17):5940.
doi: 10.3390/ma15175940.

Ball Bearing Fault Diagnosis Using Recurrence Analysis

Krzysztof Kecik  1 , Arkadiusz Smagala  2 , Kateryna Lyubitska  3   4
Affiliations

Ball Bearing Fault Diagnosis Using Recurrence Analysis

Krzysztof Kecik et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

This paper presents the problem of rolling bearing fault diagnosis based on vibration velocity signal. For this purpose, recurrence plots and quantification methods are used for nonlinear signals. First, faults in the form of a small scratch are intentionally introduced by the electron-discharge machining method in the outer and inner rings of a bearing and a rolling ball. Then, the rolling bearings are tested on the special laboratory system, and acceleration signals are measured. Detailed time-dependent recurrence methodology shows some interesting results, and several of the recurrence indicators such as determinism, entropy, laminarity, trapping time and averaged diagonal line can be utilized for fault detection.

Keywords: bearing defect; diagnosis; recurrence plot; recurrence quantifications.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Laboratory rig for dynamic tests of bearings. The laboratory system is located at the Polish Bearings Factory in Krasnik.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic of the mounting of the bearing in the laboratory system.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Images of rolling bearing no. 6208C3 (a), artificial fault on the ball (b), fault on the inner ring (c) and fault in the outer ring (d).
Figure 4
Figure 4
The framework of bearing fault detection. The shaded blocks show recurrence stages.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Measured time series for the tested rolling bearings: bearing without fault (a), bearing with ball fault (b), bearing with inner ring fault (c), and bearing with outer ring fault (d).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Results of FNN (a) and AMI (b) methods for estimating embedding parameters m and d. The points represent the estimated optimal lag values.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Recurrence plots calculated for the bearing: without defect (a), with ball defect (b), with inner ring defect (c) and outer ring defect (d).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Recurrence quantifications versus shifting time window: DET(a), ENT (b), LAM (c), TT (d), LMAX (e), VMAX (f), L (g), T1 (h), T2 (i), RTE (j), Trans (k) and Clust (l).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Recurrence quantifications versus shifting time window: DET(a), ENT (b), LAM (c), TT (d), LMAX (e), VMAX (f), L (g), T1 (h), T2 (i), RTE (j), Trans (k) and Clust (l).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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