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. 2022 Aug 31;11(17):2267.
doi: 10.3390/plants11172267.

Nutritional Value of Eggplant Cultivars and Association with Sequence Variation in Genes Coding for Major Phenolics

Vasileia Chioti  1   2 , Konstantina Zeliou  3 , Aikaterini Bakogianni  3 , Charikleia Papaioannou  2 , Antonis Biskinis  3 , Constantinos Petropoulos  4 , Fotini N Lamari  3 , Vasileios Papasotiropoulos  1
Affiliations

Nutritional Value of Eggplant Cultivars and Association with Sequence Variation in Genes Coding for Major Phenolics

Vasileia Chioti et al. Plants (Basel). .

Abstract

Eggplant is a widely consumed vegetable, with significant nutritional value and high antioxidant content, mainly due to its phenolic constituents. Our goal was to determine the levels of carbohydrates, proteins, total phenolics, anthocyanins, flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, and the antioxidant capacity in thirteen eggplant cultivars cultivated in Greece and to identify sequence polymorphisms in key regulating genes of the phenylpropanoid pathway (C4H, HCT, HQT, C3H, F3H, ANS, MYB1), which might relate to the phytochemical content of those cultivars. The carbohydrates' content differs among and within cultivars, while the rest of the phytochemicals differ only among cultivars. The cultivars 'EMI' and 'Lagkada' scored higher than the rest in phenolics, anthocyanins, ascorbic acid, caffeoylquinic acid, and antioxidant capacity. Moreover, significant correlations were observed between various ingredients and the antioxidant capacity (FRAP and DPPH). Sequence analysis revealed several SNPs in C4H, HQT, F3H, ANS, and MYB1 among the cultivars studied. According to chi-square and logistic regression analyses, the missense mutation C4H4-108 correlates significantly with flavonoids, anthocyanins, and proteins; the synonymous mutation HQT-105 correlates with anthocyanins and ascorbic acid; the missense mutation HQT-438 correlates with flavonoids and chlorogenic acid, while the missense mutation ANS1-65 correlates with anthocyanins and sugars. These polymorphisms can be potentially utilized as molecular markers in eggplant breeding, while our data also contribute to the study of eggplant's secondary metabolism and antioxidant properties.

Keywords: SNPs; Solanum melongena; anthocyanins; antioxidant capacity; chlorogenic acid; cultivars; flavonoids; phenolics; sequence variation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interest or personal relationship that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. This manuscript is original and has not been submitted for possible publication in another journal nor has it been published elsewhere.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Heat map showing the variation of total sugars, proteins, phenolics (TPC), anthocyanins (TMA), flavonoids (TFC), ascorbic acid (AsA), caffeoylquinic acid (CQA), and the antioxidant properties by FRAP and DPPH scavenging assays in 13 eggplant cultivars. Standardized values (z-scores) of mean values are depicted with a color scale (from blue to yellow).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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