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. 2022 Aug 23;14(17):3460.
doi: 10.3390/nu14173460.

Impact of Sarcopenia on Clinical Outcomes in a Cohort of Caucasian Active Crohn's Disease Patients Undergoing Multidetector CT-Enterography

Olga Maria Nardone  1 , Andrea Ponsiglione  2 , Roberto de Sire  3 , Giulio Calabrese  3 , Raffaele Liuzzi  4 , Anna Testa  3 , Alessia Dalila Guarino  3 , Oriana Olmo  3 , Antonio Rispo  3 , Luigi Camera  2 , Fabiana Castiglione  3
Affiliations

Impact of Sarcopenia on Clinical Outcomes in a Cohort of Caucasian Active Crohn's Disease Patients Undergoing Multidetector CT-Enterography

Olga Maria Nardone et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

(1) Background: Sarcopenia has a high incidence in Crohn’s disease (CD) with considerable heterogeneity among ethnicities and variable impact on clinical outcomes. Aim: to assess the impact of sarcopenia on clinical outcomes in a cohort of Caucasian patients with active CD undergoing CT-enterography (CTE) for clinical assessment. We further investigated the prevalence of sarcopenia and its predictors. (2) Methods: Caucasian CD patients with moderate−severe clinical activity, who underwent CTE in an emergency setting, were retrospectively recruited. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) at the third lumbar vertebra was used to detect sarcopenia in the early stages. Clinical malnutrition was defined according to global clinical nutrition criteria. Clinical outcomes included the rate of surgery and infections within one year. (3) Results: A total of 63 CD patients (34 M; aged 44 ± 17 years) were recruited, and 48 patients (68.3%) were sarcopenic. Malnutrition occurred in 28 patients (44.4%) with a significant correlation between body mass index (BMI) and sarcopenia (r = 0.5, p < 0.001). The overall rate of surgery was 33%, without a significant difference between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic (p = 0.41). The rate of infection in patients with sarcopenia was significantly higher than in non-sarcopenic (42%vs15%, p = 0.03). BMI (OR 0.73,95%, CI 0.57−0.93) and extraintestinal manifestations (EIM) (OR 19.2 95%, CI 1.05−349.1) were predictive of sarcopenia (p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: Sarcopenia was associated with an increased rate of infections, and it was observed in 68.3% of the Caucasian cohort with active CD.

Keywords: CT-enterography; Crohn’s disease; malnutrition; sarcopenia.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Representative example of assessment of muscle area (A), subcutaneous (B), and visceral fat areas (C) on a single slice CT-enterography at the level of L3 in a 25 yo male patient.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Diagnostic accuracy of BMI and EIM for predicting sarcopenia. Receiver Operating Characteristic curve to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the model to predict the presence of sarcopenia.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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