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. 2022 Sep 5;14(17):3682.
doi: 10.3390/polym14173682.

Superhydrophobic Nanosilica Decorated Electrospun Polyethylene Terephthalate Nanofibers for Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction of 16 Organochlorine Pesticides in Environmental Water Samples

Hamid Najarzadekan  1 , Hassan Sereshti  1 , Irfan Ahmad  2 , Syed Shahabuddin  3 , Hamid Rashidi Nodeh  4 , Nanthini Sridewi  5
Affiliations

Superhydrophobic Nanosilica Decorated Electrospun Polyethylene Terephthalate Nanofibers for Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction of 16 Organochlorine Pesticides in Environmental Water Samples

Hamid Najarzadekan et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

A new solid phase micro extraction (SPME) fiber coating composed of electrospun polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nanofibrous mat doped with superhydrophobic nanosilica (SiO2) was coated on a stainless-steel wire without the need of a binder. The coating was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) techniques and it was used in headspace-SPME of 16 organochlorine pesticides in water samples prior to gass chromatography micro electron capture detector (GC-µECD) analysis. The effects of main factors such as adsorption composition, electrospinning flow rate, salt concentration, extraction temperature, extraction time, and desorption conditions were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the linear dynamic range (8−1000 ng L−1, R2 > 0.9907), limits of detection (3−80 ng L−1), limits of quantification (8−200 ng L−1), intra-day and inter-day precisions (at 400 and 1000 ng L−1, 1.7−13.8%), and fiber-to-fiber reproducibility (2.4−13.4%) were evaluated. The analysis of spiked tap, sewage, industrial, and mineral water samples for the determination of the analytes resulted in satisfactory relative recoveries (78−120%).

Keywords: electrospun nanofibers; organochlorine pesticides; polyethylene terephthalate; solid-phase microextraction; superhydrophobic nanosilica.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(A) The setup design for electrospinning process, and (B) headspace–SPME procedure.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) Performance of different types of PET nanofibers, (B) dosage of nano-SiO2 (mg) in PET nanofibers, and (C) the effect of polymer solution flow rate (mL h−1).
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) Performance of different types of PET nanofibers, (B) dosage of nano-SiO2 (mg) in PET nanofibers, and (C) the effect of polymer solution flow rate (mL h−1).
Figure 3
Figure 3
The FT-IR spectra of electrospun nano-SiO2 and PET/nano-SiO2.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The SEM images of (A,B) electrospun PET and (C,D) PET/nano-SiO2. (E) histogram for size distribution of fabricated nanofiber.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Optimization of effective parameters on extraction efficiency of OCPs. (A) Effect of salt (w/v %), (B) extraction temperature (°C), (C) extraction time (min), (D) desorption temperature (°C), and (E) desorption time (min).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Optimization of effective parameters on extraction efficiency of OCPs. (A) Effect of salt (w/v %), (B) extraction temperature (°C), (C) extraction time (min), (D) desorption temperature (°C), and (E) desorption time (min).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Optimization of effective parameters on extraction efficiency of OCPs. (A) Effect of salt (w/v %), (B) extraction temperature (°C), (C) extraction time (min), (D) desorption temperature (°C), and (E) desorption time (min).
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