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. 2022 Aug 23:10:856651.
doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.856651. eCollection 2022.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles through oil: Promoting full-thickness cutaneous wound healing in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections

Yuhan Wang  1 , Qinmei Li  1 , Xiaomin Peng  1 , Zheng Li  1 , Jun Xiang  1 , Yunru Chen  1 , Kaiyuan Hao  1 , Shuaiyang Wang  1 , Dongyang Nie  1 , Yao Cui  1 , Feifei Lv  1 , Ying Wang  1 , Wenda Wu  2 , Dawei Guo  2 , Hongbin Si  1
Affiliations

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles through oil: Promoting full-thickness cutaneous wound healing in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections

Yuhan Wang et al. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. .

Abstract

Due to the emergence of multi-drug resistant microorganisms, the development and discovery of alternative eco-friendly antimicrobial agents have become a top priority. In this study, a simple, novel, and valid green method was developed to synthesize Litsea cubeba essential oil-silver nanoparticles (Lceo-AgNPs) using Lceo as a reducing and capping agent. The maximum UV absorbance of Lceo-AgNPs appeared at 423 nm and the size was 5-15 nm through transmission electron microscopy result. The results of Fourier transform infrared and DLS showed that Lceo provided sufficient chemical bonds for Lceo-AgNPs to reinforce its stability and dispersion. The in vitro antibacterial effects of Lceo-AgNPs against microbial susceptible multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were determined. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Lceo-AgNPs against E. coli were 25 and 50 μg/ml. The MIC and MBC of Lceo-AgNPs against MRSA were 50 and 100 μg/ml, respectively. The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that the amount of bacteria obviously decreased and the bacteria cells were destroyed by Lceo-AgNPs. In vivo research disclosed significant wound healing and re-epithelialization effects in the Lceo-AgNPs group compared with the self-healing group and the healing activity was better than in the sulfadiazine silver group. In this experiment, Lceo-AgNPs has been shown to have effects on killing multidrug-resistant bacteria and promoting wound healing. This study suggested Lceo-AgNPs as an excellent new-type drug for wound treatment infected with multidrug-resistant bacteria, and now expects to proceed with clinical research.

Keywords: AgNPs; L. cubeba oil; antibacterial; green synthesis; multidrugresistance; wound infection.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
UV-vis wavelength spectra of Lceo-AgNPs with different ratio of Lceo: AgNO3 in the range of 300–600 nm (A) and the colors of Lceo, AgNO3, and Lceo-AgNPs (B).
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Nanosizer of as-prepared Lceo-AgNPs.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Zeta potential of as-prepared Lceo-AgNPs.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
FTIR absorption spectra of Lceo-AgNPs and Lceo.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
TEM images of dispersed Lceo-AgNPs.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
XRD analysis spectrum of Lceo-AgNPs.
FIGURE 7
FIGURE 7
Time-killing curves of E. coli (A) and MRSA (B) treated with Lceo-AgNPs at the concentrations of MIC and MBC.
FIGURE 8
FIGURE 8
SEM images of E. coli (A,C) and MRSA (B,D) treated with/without Lceo-AgNPs. (A,C) negative control magnified ×10,000; (B,D) AgNPs-treated bacteria magnified ×10,000.
FIGURE 9
FIGURE 9
Cytotoxicity of Lceo-AgNPs and AgNPs in macrophages. 0 μg/ml as control group and the data were analyzed using t-test to determine significance of difference. a: significant difference when the Lceo-AgNPs-treated group were compared to control group; b: significant difference when the AgNPs-treated group were compared to the control group.
FIGURE 10
FIGURE 10
Photographs of skin wounds at 4, 7, and 14 days after treatment.
FIGURE 11
FIGURE 11
Wound-healing rate at different timepoints including days 1, 4, 7, and 14 after different treatments (*p < 0.05).
FIGURE 12
FIGURE 12
H&E staining of healthy and wound skin sections after 4 and 14 days with different treatments.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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