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. 2022 Oct:132:102906.
doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102906. Epub 2022 Sep 7.

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in patients with autoimmune hepatitis

Cumali Efe  1 , Koray Taşçılar  2 , Alessio Gerussi  3 , Francesca Bolis  4 , Craig Lammert  5 , Berat Ebik  6 , Albert Friedrich Stättermayer  7 , Mustafa Cengiz  8 , Dilara Turan Gökçe  9 , Laura Cristoferi  3 , Mirta Peralta  10 , Hatef Massoumi  11 , Pedro Montes  12 , Eira Cerda  13 , Cristina Rigamonti  14 , Suna Yapalı  15 , Gupse Adali  16 , Ali Rıza Çalışkan  17 , Yasemin Balaban  18 , Fatih Eren  19 , Tuğçe Eşkazan  20 , Sezgin Barutçu  21 , Ellina Lytvyak  22 , Godolfino Miranda Zazueta  23 , Meral Akdogan Kayhan  8 , Alexandra Heurgue-Berlot  24 , Eleonora De Martin  25 , Ahmet Yavuz  26 , Murat Bıyık  26 , Graciela Castro Narro  23 , Serkan Duman  27 , Nelia Hernandez  28 , Nikolaos K Gatselis  29 , Jonathan Aguirre  30 , Ramazan Idilman  27 , Marcelo Silva  31 , Manuel Mendizabal  31 , Kadri Atay  32 , Fatih Güzelbulut  33 , Renumathy Dhanasekaran  34 , Aldo J Montano-Loza  22 , George N Dalekos  29 , Ezequiel Ridruejo  35 , Pietro Invernizzi  3 , Staffan Wahlin  36
Affiliations

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in patients with autoimmune hepatitis

Cumali Efe et al. J Autoimmun. 2022 Oct.

Abstract

Background: Data regarding outcome of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in vaccinated patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) are lacking. We evaluated the outcome of COVID-19 in AIH patients who received at least one dose of Pfizer- BioNTech (BNT162b2), Moderna (mRNA-1273) or AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-S) vaccine.

Patients and methods: We performed a retrospective study on AIH patients with COVID-19. The outcomes of AIH patients who had acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) breakthrough infection after at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine were compared to unvaccinated patients with AIH. COVID-19 outcome was classified according to clinical state during the disease course as: (i) no hospitalization, (ii) hospitalization without oxygen supplementation, (iii) hospitalization with oxygen supplementation by nasal cannula or mask, (iv) intensive care unit (ICU) admission with non-invasive mechanical ventilation, (v) ICU admission with invasive mechanical ventilation or (vi) death, and data was analyzed using ordinal logistic regression.

Results: We included 413 (258 unvaccinated and 155 vaccinated) patients (81%, female) with a median age of 52 (range: 17-85) years at COVID-19 diagnosis. The rates of hospitalization were (36.4% vs. 14.2%), need for any supplemental oxygen (29.5% vs. 9%) and mortality (7% vs. 0.6%) in unvaccinated and vaccinated AIH patients with COVID-19. Having received at least one dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was associated with a significantly lower risk of worse COVID-19 severity, after adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities and presence of cirrhosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.18, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10-0.31). Overall, vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 was associated with a significantly lower risk of mortality from COVID-19 (aOR 0.20, 95% CI 0.11-0.35).

Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination significantly reduced the risk of COVID-19 severity and mortality in patients with AIH.

Keywords: Autoimmunity; Breakthrough infection; Immunosuppression; Liver failure; Vaccine.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest None.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Study flow chart for patient inclusion.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Outcome of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune hepatitis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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