Can Trigeminal Schwannoma-Related Symptoms be Controlled With Gamma Knife Radiosurgery?

Abstract

Objective: The effectiveness of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for the management of trigeminal schwannomas (TS) has been established. Although GKRS has been shown to inhibit tumor growth, the effect of GKRS on the symptoms caused by TS has not been sufficiently studied. In this study, symptomatic changes following GKRS for the management of symptomatic TS were investigated using long-term follow-up results.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 32 patients with TS who underwent GKRS between May 1994 and December 2016. Clinical charts, radiographic results, and surgical records were reviewed. To evaluate whether symptoms improved after GKRS, patient demographics, GKRS profile, radiological tumor size change, and tumor location were analyzed.

Results: Tumor control after GKRS for symptomatic TS was 87%. The improvement rates for facial pain at 6, 12, and 24 months after GKRS were 46%, 72%, and 86%, respectively. For the same time intervals, facial hypesthesia improved by 12%, 46%, and 52%, respectively. Of the patients with diplopia, 17% had improved symptoms 12 months after GKRS, and 50% of the patients improved after 24 months.

Conclusions: GKRS can be an effective treatment modality for TS tumor control and shows favorable results in improving TS-related symptom, especially facial pain.

Keywords: Diplopia; Facial pain; Facial paresthesia; Gamma knife radiosurgery; Trigeminal schwannoma.