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. 2022 Sep;46(3):764-770.
doi: 10.1007/s12639-022-01496-0. Epub 2022 May 17.

Molecular typing of the actin gene of Trichomonas vaginalis isolates in Tehran, Iran

Farah Bokharaei-Salim  1 , Neda Hedayati  2 , Khadijeh Khanaliha  3 , Maryam Esghaei  1 , Sara Minaeian  4 , Mojgan Oshaghi  5 , Borna Salemi  6
Affiliations

Molecular typing of the actin gene of Trichomonas vaginalis isolates in Tehran, Iran

Farah Bokharaei-Salim et al. J Parasit Dis. 2022 Sep.

Abstract

Trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan parasite that causes trichomoniasis with worldwide distribution. This study evaluated actin genotypes of T. vaginalis isolates using PCR-RFLP and sequence analysis in Tehran, Iran. Overall, 850 vaginal samples were collected from women admitted to hospitals affiliated with the Iran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran from 2020-to 2021. The samples were examined by wet mount and cultured. The parasites were harvested, and PCR-RFLP was performed using three endonuclease enzymes of HindII, MseI, and RsaI on all T. vaginalis isolates. Digestion patterns were then compared, and the genotype of these isolates was defined. The PCR products were sequenced. Overall, 12 (1.4%) isolates of T. vaginalis were identified from 850 vaginal samples collected. The most common genotypes were genotype E, seven (58.3%) and genotype G, three (25%), followed by genotype I, two (%16.7), using PCR-RFLP patterns and sequencing. No pattern indicative of mixed infection was found. PCR-RFLP is a proper technique to detect different T. vaginalis isolates, and noticeable polymorphism was found between isolates. Genotype E was the most common genotype in the studied group. The phylogenetic analysis indicated the T. vaginalis genotype E isolates in a distinct group compared to the genotypes G and I that evolved from a common ancestor.

Keywords: Actin gene; Genotypes; PCR–RFLP; Tehran; Trichomonas vaginalis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Gel electrophoresis of PCR product of actin gene (1100 bp) on gel electrophoresis, 1: Negative control; 2, 3, 4, and 5: positive samples; M: marker (100 bp)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Gel electrophoresis of DNA fragments of the T. vaginalis actin genotypes I, G and E; Lanes 1, 2 and 3 show the banding pattern of genotype I after digestion by MseI, HindII, and RsaI; Lanes 2 the banding pattern of genotype G after digestion by MseI, HindII, and RsaI;7,8,9 and 10, 11, 12 show the banding pattern of genotype E after digestion by MseI, HindII, and RsaI
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Frequency of actin genotypes of Trichomonas vaginalis isolates In Tehran, Iran
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Phylogenetic relationships of T. vaginalis genotypes of actin gene obtained in present study and other isolates in the GenBank, using the using Neighbor-Joining Tree method employing bootstrapping of more than 1000 replicates
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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