Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Aug 24;11(1):1807.
doi: 10.4102/ajlm.v11i1.1807. eCollection 2022.

Bacteriological profile and antibiogram of blood culture isolates from bloodstream infections in a rural tertiary hospital in Nigeria

Oluwalana T Oyekale  1   2 , Bola O Ojo  2 , Adewale T Olajide  3   4 , Oluwatoyin I Oyekale  5
Affiliations

Bacteriological profile and antibiogram of blood culture isolates from bloodstream infections in a rural tertiary hospital in Nigeria

Oluwalana T Oyekale et al. Afr J Lab Med. .

Abstract

Background: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a cause of significant morbidity and mortality requiring urgent antibiotic treatment. However, there is widespread antibiotic-resistance from the bacterial causes, necessitating regular surveillance for drug-resistant bacteria and their antibiograms.

Objective: This study isolated and identified various bacterial causes of BSIs, determined their antibiotic susceptibility patterns, and determined the best empirical treatment for cases of BSI in the setting.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at the Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria between June 2020 and February 2021 on 177 blood culture samples from cases of BSI. Identification of isolated bacteria and antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolates were carried out following the standard protocol.

Results: Culture positivity in this study was 19.2%. No significant difference was seen in culture positivity between male and female participants (p = 0.97). Gram-negative enteric bacteria were predominantly isolated (67.6%), including Escherichia coli (29.4%) and Klebsiella aerogenes (20.6%). Staphylococcus aureus was the most common Gram-positive bacterium isolated (23.5%). Three (37.5%) S. aureus isolates were methicillin-resistant. All isolates were sensitive to meropenem, and 97.1% were sensitive to imipenem; other sensitivity patterns were: ceftazidime (85.3%), ciprofloxacin (79.4%), ofloxacin (79.4%), and gentamicin (76.5%). There was low sensitivity to ampicillin (32.4%) and cotrimoxazole (38.2%). All Gram-positive isolates, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus, were sensitive to vancomycin.

Conclusion: Regular surveillance of isolate sensitivity patterns, formulation of hospital antibiotic policies based on existing data and compliance with treatment guidelines will promote rational antibiotic use and reduce resistance among bacteria.

Keywords: antibiotic sensitivity; antibiotic-resistance; bacterial isolates; blood culture; bloodstream infections.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no financial or personal relationships that may have inappropriately influenced them in writing this article.

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Diekema DJ, Beekman SE, Chapin KC, Morel KA, Munson E, Doern GV. Epidemiology and outcome of nosocomial and community onset bloodstream infection. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41(8):3655–3660. 10.1128/JCM.41.8.3655-3660.2003 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Report on the burden of endemic health care-associated infection worldwide [homepage on the Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011. [cited 2021 Oct 28]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/80135
    1. Suetens C, Latour K, Karki T, et al. . Prevalence of healthcare-associated infections, estimated incidence and composite antimicrobial resistance index in acute care hospitals and long-term care facilities: Results from two European point prevalence surveys, 2016 to 2017. Euro Surveill. 2018;23(46):1800516. 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.46.1800516 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Cassini A, Colzani E, Pini A, et al. . Impact of infectious diseases on population health using incidence-based disability-adjusted life years (DALYs): Results from the burden of communicable diseases in Europe study, European union and European economic area countries, 2009 to 2013. Euro Surveill. 2018;23:17-00454. 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.16.17-00454 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Sainfer A, Bevin C, Jianfang L, Elaine L. Prevalence and risk factors for bloodstream infections present on hospital admission. J Infect Prev. 2018;19(1):37–42. 10.1177/1757177417720998 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources