Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Aug 24:13:947514.
doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.947514. eCollection 2022.

Fat-fat-free index in body mass assessment in young people

Agnieszka Chwałczyńska  1 , Aureliusz Kosendiak  2 , Krzysztof Andrzej Sobiech  1 , Waldemar Andrzejewski  1
Affiliations

Fat-fat-free index in body mass assessment in young people

Agnieszka Chwałczyńska et al. Front Physiol. .

Abstract

The study aimed to personalize the classification of body weight using the fat-fat-free (FFF) index with the percentage of body fat and to develop classification standards for the FFF index for men aged 18-25 years. Moreover, 1,642 adolescents (1,200 ♀) were examined. Using body composition analyzers, weight was determined, as well as overall and segmental body composition. Based on the obtained values for fat mass and fat-free tissue mass, an overall FFF index was calculated. According to the BMI classification, 9% of ♀ and 6% of ♂ are underweight, 29% of ♀ and 13% of ♂ are overweight, and 5% of the subjects are obese. Women and men classified in the same group according to BMI differed statistically significantly in terms of body weight, FM%, and FFM. In contrast to BMI and FM%, the FFF used takes into account the ratio of fat mass to fat-free tissue and muscle tissue mass. The proposed classification of FFF was made taking into account the differences that arise with sexual development and physiological changes occurring in ontogeny. Assessment of body mass using the FFF index should be used as part of preventive screening for the early diagnosis and prevention of overweight and thus many chronic diseases for which overweight or obesity is a risk factor.

Keywords: body composition; personalized fat–fat-free index; prevention of obesity; prevention of overweight; segmental body composition.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Flow diagram showing the process of qualifying for the study group.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Percentile grid for general FFF for women aged 18–25 (Chwałczyńska, 2017).
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Scatterplot with trendline and regression equation for FatP versus BMI by gender.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Percentile grid for general FFF for men aged 18–25.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Agarwalla R., Saikia A. M., Baruah R. (2015). Assessment of the nutritional status of the elderly and its correlates. J. Fam. Community Med. 22 (1), 39–43. 10.4103/2230-8229.149588 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bergman R. N., Stefanovski D., Buchanan T. A., Sumner A. E., Reynolds J. C., Sebring N. G., et al. (2011). A better index of body adiposity. Obesity 19 (5), 1083–1089. 10.1038/oby.2011.38 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bhaskaran K., dos-Santos-Silva I., Leon D. A., Douglas I. J., Smeeth L. (2018). Association of BMI with overall and cause-specific mortality: A population-based cohort study of 3·6 million adults in the UK. Lancet. Diabetes Endocrinol. 6, 944–953. 10.1016/S2213-8587(18)30288-2 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bhogal M. S., Langford R. (2014). Gender differences in weight loss: Evidence from a NHS weight management service. Public Health 128, 811–813. 10.1016/j.puhe.2014.06.019 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Burdukiewicz A., Pietraszewska J., Andrzejewska J., Piojda T., Stachoń A. (2015). Postawa a skład ciała dziewcząt w wieku pokwitania. Prz. Med. Uniw. Rzesz. Inst. Lekow 13 (3), 232–243. 10.15584/przmed.2015.3.4 - DOI

LinkOut - more resources