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Review
. 2022 Sep 6:17:3913-3931.
doi: 10.2147/IJN.S371900. eCollection 2022.

Polysaccharide Electrospun Nanofibers for Wound Healing Applications

Guoxin Tan  1 , Lijie Wang  2 , Weisan Pan  3 , Kai Chen  4
Affiliations
Review

Polysaccharide Electrospun Nanofibers for Wound Healing Applications

Guoxin Tan et al. Int J Nanomedicine. .

Abstract

As a type of biological macromolecule, natural polysaccharides have been widely used in wound healing due to their low toxicity, good biocompatibility, degradability and reproducibility. Electrospinning is a versatile and simple technique for producing continuous nanoscale fibers from a variety of natural and synthetic polymers. The application of electrospun nanofibers as wound dressings has made great progress and they are considered one of the most effective wound dressings. This paper reviews the preparation of polysaccharide nanofibers by electrospinning and their application prospects in the field of wound healing. A variety of polysaccharide nanofibers, including chitosan, starch, alginate, and hyaluronic acid are introduced. The preparation strategy of polysaccharide electrospun nanofibers and their functions in promoting wound healing are summarized. In addition, the future prospects and challenges for the preparation of polysaccharide nanofibers by electrospinning are also discussed.

Keywords: electrospun nanofibers; function; polysaccharide; preparation strategy; wound healing.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest in relation to this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The chemical structure, bioactive groups, monosaccharide units and sites that can be used for biological modification of conventional polysaccharides (chitosan, starch, alginate and hyaluronic acid).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic illustration of the structure characteristics and the function of promoting wound healing of polysaccharide electrospun nanofibers as wound dressings.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Illustration of a conventional electrospinning apparatus used in the production of nanofibers.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Sequential release of drugs forms a dual-delivery system based on pH-responsive nanofibrous mats towards wound care. (A) Illustration indicating wound healing with the help of microenvironment-responsive dual-drug-loaded wound dressings. (B) TEM images of core–shell nanofibers. (C) The inhibition zone of different samples against E. coli and S. aureus at 24 h and 48 h. (D) The results of hemolytic tests.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Electrospun chitosan/PVA/bioglass Nanofibrous membrane with spatially designed structure for accelerating chronic wound healing. (A) Schematic of nBG-TFM fabricated by sequential electrospinning. (B) Photographs, SEM images and fluorescent images of electrospining membranes. (C) Cell morphology of HDFs cells cultured on trilayer membranes with nBG (40%) (nBG-TFM) and without nBG (TFM) was observed by fluorescent staining and SEM. (D) The effect of membranes on the aggregation of red blood cells was observed by SEM. (E) Surface antibacterial activity of membranes for E. coli, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. (F) Evaluation of nBG-TFM on acute and chronic wound healing in rats.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Absorbable thioether grafted hyaluronic acid nanofibrous hydrogel for synergistic modulation of inflammation microenvironment to accelerate chronic diabetic wound healing. (A) Illustration of the preparation procedure of FHHA-S/Fe, dressing of FHHA-S/Fe on full-thickness wound model in diabetic C57BL/6 mouse, and the mechanism of FHHA-S/Fe for enhanced chronic wound healing effect. (B) Schematic of the establishment and treatment of a chronic diabetic wound model. (C) Representative photographs of wounds at indicated days with nanofibrous hydrogel treatment. (D) Quantitative analysis of wound area at the indicated days in comparison with the original wound.
Figure 7
Figure 7
SEM images of L929 cells cultured on alginate hydrogel-electrospun silk fibroin fibers. (A and B) SF-ALG, (C and D) SF-ALG-AF1, and (E and F) SF-ALG-AF2 after 24 h.
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