Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Sep 7:15:1997-2005.
doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S379782. eCollection 2022.

Predictors of Mortality in Home Health Care Service: Data from Saudi Arabia

Walid A Alkeridy  1   2   3 , Arwa Aljasser  4 , Khalid Mohammed Alayed  1 , Saad M Alsaad  5 , Amani S Alqahtani  6 , Claire Ann Lim  7 , Sultan H Alamri  8   9 , Doaa Zainhom Mekkawy  1 , Mohammed Al-Sofiani  1   10
Affiliations

Predictors of Mortality in Home Health Care Service: Data from Saudi Arabia

Walid A Alkeridy et al. J Multidiscip Healthc. .

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to 1) report the prevalence of chronic conditions among Saudi people receiving long-term home health care (HHC) services, 2) identify the predictors of mortality among individuals receiving long-term HHC services, and 3) study the association between frailty and poor health outcomes among HHC users.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study.

Setting and participants: A total of 555 participants were recruited from HHC services at King Saud University Medical City (KSUMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We collected the data from electronic health records (EHR), patient charts, and caregiver interviews for 555 participants included in HHC program from the year 2019 to 2022.

Methods: Only individuals fulfilling the HHC program's eligibility criteria were included to the study. A total of 555 participants were included in the analysis. We assessed the functional performance by the Katz activity of daily living and Bristol Activity of Daily Living Scale (BADLS). A trained health care provider assessed frailty using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). We calculated the means and frequency to describe the prevalence of chronic conditions and variables of interest. A Chi-square test or independent-samples t-test was run to determine if there were differences between the alive and deceased individuals. A binary logistic regression model was performed to predict mortality of HHC service recipients.

Results: The mean age for deceased individuals in HHC was 78.3 years. Over twenty percent of individuals receiving HHC services were readmitted to the hospital. We found that the strongest predictors for mortality were pressure ulcers with an odds ratio of 3.75 and p-value of <0.0001, and the Clinical Frailty Scale, which had an odds ratio of 1.69 and p-value of 0.002, using multivariate regression analysis.

Conclusions and implications: In conclusion, our study found that pressure ulcers and frailty are the strongest predictors of mortality for individuals receiving home health care services.

Keywords: Saudi Arabia; home health care; predictors of mortality.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of chronic health conditions among Saudi people receiving long-term HHC services.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Significant partial associations between mortality and each of clinical frailty score and pressure ulcers.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Burton JK, Wolters AT, Towers AM, et al. Developing a minimum data set for older adult care homes in the UK: exploring the concept and defining early core principles. Lancet Healthy Longev. 2022;3(3):e186–e193. doi: 10.1016/S2666-7568(22)00010-1 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Wilson CM, Arena SK, Deel C, et al. Implementing home-based prevention physical therapy: a scoping review and path to launch of HOP-UP-PT. Home Healthc Now. 2022;40(2):100–107. doi: 10.1097/nhh.0000000000001055 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Rusli KDB, Tan AJQ, Ong SF, Speed S, Lau Y, Liaw SY. Home-based nursing care competencies: a scoping review. J Clin Nurs. 2021. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16169 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Walters K, Frost R, Kharicha K, et al. Home-based health promotion for older people with mild frailty: the HomeHealth intervention development and feasibility RCT. Health Technol Assess (Rockv). 2017;21(73):1–128. doi: 10.3310/hta21730 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ruel J. Home health care nursing impacts on emergency department utilization. Adv Emerg Nurs J. 2021;43(4):324–330. doi: 10.1097/tme.0000000000000375 - DOI - PubMed