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. 2024 Apr;31(2):274-281.
doi: 10.1177/15266028221120514. Epub 2022 Sep 16.

Shortest Apposition Length at the First Postoperative Computed Tomography Angiography Identifies Patients at Risk for Developing a Late Type Ia Endoleak After Endovascular Aneurysm Repair

Anna C M Geraedts  1 , Roy Zuidema  2 , Richte C L Schuurmann  2 , Ayla N Kwant  2 , Sana Mulay  1 , Ron Balm  1 , Jean-Paul P M de Vries  2 ; ODYSSEUS-T1EL Study Group
Affiliations

Shortest Apposition Length at the First Postoperative Computed Tomography Angiography Identifies Patients at Risk for Developing a Late Type Ia Endoleak After Endovascular Aneurysm Repair

Anna C M Geraedts et al. J Endovasc Ther. 2024 Apr.

Abstract

Purpose: Imaging surveillance following endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is strictly recommended. This study investigates the value of endograft apposition and position relative to the aortic neck on the first postoperative computed tomography angiography (CTA) in determining patients at risk for a late type Ia endoleak (T1aEL).

Materials and methods: Patients with a T1aEL after the first postoperative CTA were selected from a consecutive database and matched with uncomplicated controls. Endograft apposition and position, including the shortest apposition length (SAL), were determined on the first postoperative CTA. The SAL is the shortest distance between the proximal endograft fabric and the first slice where circumferential apposition with the aortic wall is lost. Differences in endograft apposition at the first postoperative CTA were compared between groups. Logistic regression analysis identified independent predictors for late T1aEL.

Results: A total of 32 patients with a late T1aEL were included and matched with 32 uncomplicated controls. Median follow-up after primary EVAR was 62.0 (interquartile range [IQR]: 36.8, 83.5) months in the T1aEL group compared with 47.5 (IQR: 34.0, 79.3) months in the control group; p=0.265. Median preoperative neck diameter was significantly larger in the T1aEL group than in the control group (26.6 [IQR: 24.9, 29.6] mm versus 23.4 [IQR: 22.5, 25.3] mm); p<0.001. Patients in the T1aEL group had a median SAL of 11.6 (IQR: 4.3, 20.5) mm compared with 20.7 (IQR: 13.1, 24.9) mm in the control group; p=0.002. SAL <10mm on the first postoperative CTA (odds ratio [OR]: 9.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.60-57.99) and larger neck diameter (OR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.26-2.57) were independent predictors for developing a late T1aEL.

Conclusion: Preoperative neck diameter and SAL on the first postoperative CTA following EVAR are important predictors for the development of a late T1aEL. Patients with a SAL of <10mm had a significantly higher risk of developing a late T1aEL. Future research should determine whether these patients would benefit from reintervention before an actual T1aEL is present.

Clinical impact: Understanding the mechanisms of endovascular aneurysm repair failure is essential to further enhance clinical outcomes. Adequate proximal sealing is necessary to foster freedom from type 1a endoleak. This study demonstrates that the shortest apposition length (SAL) at the first postoperative computed tomography angiography (CTA) is able to identify patients at risk for a late type 1a endoleak. Especially patients with a SAL <10mm are at high risk. Currently, the guidelines advice repeated imaging with CTA in patients with a seal <10mm. Future research should determine whether these patients would benefit from re-intervention before an actual type 1a endoleak is present.

Keywords: abdominal; aortic aneurysm; endoleak; endovascular procedures.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Jean-Paul de Vries and Richte Schuurmann are co-founders of the company “Endovascular Diagnostics B.V.,” which holds patent rights over the software used to determine endograft apposition and position.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Position of the endograft in the aortic neck. The shortest apposition length (SAL) is the shortest distance between the circumference of the proximal endograft fabric and the first slice where circumferential apposition of the endograft with the aortic wall is lost. The shortest fabric distance (SFD) is the shortest distance between the endograft fabric and the lowest renal artery (LRA). HRA, highest renal artery.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Patient selection. T1aEL, type Ia endoleak; FEVAR, fenestrated endovascular aneurysm repair; CTA, computed tomography angiography.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Time between endovascular aneurysm repair and computed tomography angiography with type Ia endoleak.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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