Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Jul-Aug;12(4):463-468.
doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i4.7. Epub 2022 Jul 13.

Bilateral asymptomatic common carotid artery stenosis: Mouse model for stroke research

Achmad Firdaus Sani  1   2 , Widjiati Widjiati  3 , Paulus Sugianto  2 , Muhammad Hamdan  2 , Jovian Philip Swatan  2
Affiliations

Bilateral asymptomatic common carotid artery stenosis: Mouse model for stroke research

Achmad Firdaus Sani et al. Open Vet J. 2022 Jul-Aug.

Abstract

Background: Asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis has become more prevalent worldwide and is often associated with a poor prognosis. Numerous guidelines highlighted surgical interventions as treatment for carotid artery stenosis, but only a few recommendations were made regarding non-surgical interventions due to its limited data.

Aims: This study aims to develop a mice model for research in non-surgical interventions of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis.

Methods: Adult male Rattus norvegicus, Wistar strain models with bilateral asymptomatic common carotid artery stenosis (BACAS) were created by ligating the common carotid artery with a 0.6 mm diameter needle and then removing the needle. The mice's body weight, clinical signs and symptoms, and post-mortem brain analysis were compared between the sham-operated group and the BACAS group.

Results: The mortality rate among the BACAS group is 11.11%. There is no significant difference in mean body weight before surgery, after the observation period, and percentage of weight decrease between sham-operated and BACAS groups (p = 0.710, 0.632, and 0.806, respectively). None of the surviving mice in this study exhibit signs of motor paralysis. Gross examination of the brain reveals no signs of infarction or hemorrhage.

Conclusion: We have established a novel BACAS mouse model which is cost-efficient, easy to produce, and with no significant alteration in body weight, clinical parameters, and brain morphology.

Keywords: Animal models of disease; Carotid arteries; Mouse models; Non-communicable disease; Scientific research.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.. The common carotid artery ligation procedure. A 5–0 monofilament polypropylene suture was inserted beneath the artery (A), the 0.6 mm-diameter needle was placed besides the artery (B) and ligated in two circles with a knot (C). Afterwards, the needle was carefully removed.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.. Examination of mouse extremities muscle when (A) walking and (B) held at a height of 1 m.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.. Gross morphological evaluation of mice’s brain in (A) Pre-experimental, (B) Sham-operated, and (C) BACAS group revealed no signs of infarction or hemorrhage.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Abbott A.L. Medical (nonsurgical) intervention alone is now best for prevention of stroke associated with asymptomatic severe carotid stenosis: results of a systematic review and analysis. Stroke. 2009;40(10):e573–e583. - PubMed
    1. Abbott A.L, Paraskevas K.I, Kakkos S.K, Golledge J, Eckstein H, Diaz-Sandoval L.J, Cao L, Fu Q, Wijeratne T, Leung T.W, Montero-Baker M, Lee B.C, Pircher S, Bosch M, Dennekamp M, Ringleb P. Systematic review of guidelines for the management of asymptomatic and symptomatic carotid stenosis. Stroke. 2015;46(11):3288–3301. - PubMed
    1. AbuRahma A.F, Copeland S.E. Bilateral internal carotid artery occlusion: natural history and surgical alternatives. Cardiovasc. Surg. 1998;6(6):579–583. - PubMed
    1. Chen S, Shao L, Ma L. Cerebral edema formation after stroke: emphasis on blood–brain barrier and the lymphatic drainage system of the brain. Front. Cell Neurosci. 2021;15:716825. - PMC - PubMed
    1. David A, Prim D.A, Mohamed M.A, Brooks A, Lane B.A, Poblete K, Wierzbicki M.A, Lessner S.M, Tarek Shazly T, Eberth J.F. Comparative mechanics of diverse mammalian carotid arteries. PLoS One. 2018;13(8):e0202123. - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources