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Review
. 2022 Sep;25(3):755-783.
doi: 10.1016/j.cvex.2022.05.007.

Diagnostic Clinical Pathology of Tortoises

Cheryl Moller  1 , J Jill Heatley  2
Affiliations
Review

Diagnostic Clinical Pathology of Tortoises

Cheryl Moller et al. Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract. 2022 Sep.

Abstract

Clinicopathologic evaluation of terrestrial tortoises is useful for health assessment and monitoring. There are specific considerations when evaluating data from these species, including sex, age, time of year/season, reproductive status, diet, captive versus wild, geographic location, methodology, and anticoagulant. The authors describe sample collection, hematology, biochemistry, and urinalysis features of terrestrial tortoises and discuss clinical relevance.

Keywords: Biochemistry; Clinical pathology; Hematology; Reptile; Tortoise; Urinalysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure Drs C. Moller and J.J. Heatley lack commercial or financial conflicts of interest, and no funding sources were necessary.