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. 2022 Sep 19;23(1):662.
doi: 10.1186/s12864-022-08861-6.

Massive expansion of P-selectin genes in two Venerida species, Sinonovacula constricta and Mercenaria mercenaria: evidence from comparative genomics of Bivalvia

Yuanfeng Xu #  1 , Xumeng Dong #  1 , Shuonan Ma  2 , Cheng Luo  1 , Jilin Xu  3
Affiliations

Massive expansion of P-selectin genes in two Venerida species, Sinonovacula constricta and Mercenaria mercenaria: evidence from comparative genomics of Bivalvia

Yuanfeng Xu et al. BMC Genomics. .

Abstract

Background: P-selectin is a molecule participating in the inflammatory response through mediating cellular adhesion and essential for wound repair. However, studies regarding P-selectin in Bivalvia are rare. This study identified 90 P-selectin genes among nine bivalve genomes and classified them into 4 subfamilies according to phylogenetic analysis.

Results: Notable P-selectin gene expansion was observed in two Venerida species, Sinonovacula constricta and Mercenaria mercenaria. The synteny analysis revealed that P-selectin gene expansion was mostly caused by tandem duplication. In addition, the expression profiles of P-selectin genes in S. constricta showed that many P-selectins were specifically highly expressed in the gills, and the P-selectin expression patterns changed dramatically under low salt stress and ammonia nitrogen stress.

Conclusions: The massive expansion of P-selectins may facilitate the tolerance to environmental stresses. This study sheds light on the characterizations and expression profiles of P-selectin genes in Bivalvia and provides an integrated framework for further investigation of the role of P-selectins in the environmental tolerance of bivalves.

Keywords: Bivalvia; Environmental stress; Gene expansion; P-selectin; Sinonovacula constricta.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The ultrametric tree, gene family expansion and contraction analyses of M. philippinarum, B. platifrons, S. constricta, M. mercenaria, P. maximus, M. yessoensis, P. fucata, C. gigas, C. virginica and O. bimaculoides. Species of the same order were shaded with the same color
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The functional domain analyses of P-selectin proteins. A Functional domains of P-selectin proteins published in the NCBI database. B Functional domains of P-selectin proteins identified from M. philippinarum, B. platifrons, S. constricta, M. mercenaria, P. maximus, M. yessoensis, P. fucata, C. gigas and C. virginica
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The phylogenetic tree of P-selectin genes. M. philippinarum, B. platifrons, S. constricta, M. mercenaria, P. maximus, P. fucata, C. gigas and C. virginica genes are distinguished by different colors. Subfamilies I, II, III, and IV are highlighted in purple, dark blue, dark green and light green, respectively. Branches marked with yellow represent type-A P-selectins and dark blue branches represent type-B P-selectins
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Location of P-selectin genes in genomes. A Distribution of P-selectin genes on S. constricta chromosomes. B Distribution of P-selectin genes on M. mercenaria chromosomes. Type-A and type-B P-selectin genes were distinguished by orange and dark blue, respectively
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Expression patterns of S. constricta P-selectin genes in the gills, testes, ovaries and hepatopancreas. Type-A and type-B P-selectin genes were distinguished by orange and dark blue, respectively
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Expression patterns of S. constricta P-selectin genes in response to environment stresses. A Expression profiles of P-selectin genes in S. constricta juveniles under acute salt stress. B Expression profiles of P-selectin genes in S. constricta gill under ammonia stress. Type-A and type-B P-selectin genes were distinguished by orange and dark blue, respectively
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