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Review
. 2022 Dec;24(12):615-625.
doi: 10.1007/s11906-022-01221-5. Epub 2022 Sep 20.

Effects of Hypertension on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders

Joseph E Malone  1 , Mohamed I Elkasaby  1 , Alan J Lerner  2   3
Affiliations
Review

Effects of Hypertension on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders

Joseph E Malone et al. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2022 Dec.

Abstract

Purpose of review: To review the pathophysiology of hypertension in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias and explore the current landscape of clinical trials involving treatment of hypertension to improve cognition.

Recent findings: Hypertension is increasingly recognized as a contributor to cognitive impairment. Clinical trials that explore blood pressure reductions with cognitive outcomes have been promising. Various antihypertensives have been evaluated in clinical trials, with growing interest in those agents that impact the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system due to its own association with cognitive impairment. No antihypertensive agent has been found to be superior to others in reducing cognitive impairment risk or conferring neuroprotective benefits. In this review, the pathophysiology of and clinical trial data involving hypertension and dementia will be explored. Hypertension is a significant risk factor for the development of neurodegenerative dementias, and clinical trials have been overall favorable in improving cognition by reductions in blood pressure using antihypertensive agents.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Cognitive function; Dementia; Hypertension.

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