Termite sensitivity to temperature affects global wood decay rates

Amy E Zanne^{1

2}, Habacuc Flores-Moreno³, Jeff R Powell⁴, William K Cornwell⁵, James W Dalling^{6

7}, Amy T Austin⁸, Aimée T Classen⁹, Paul Eggleton¹⁰, Kei-Ichi Okada¹¹, Catherine L Parr^{12

13

14}, E Carol Adair¹⁵, Stephen Adu-Bredu^{16

17}, Md Azharul Alam¹⁸, Carolina Alvarez-Garzón¹⁹, Deborah Apgaua²⁰, Roxana Aragón²¹, Marcelo Ardon²², Stefan K Arndt²³, Louise A Ashton²⁴, Nicholas A Barber²⁵, Jacques Beauchêne²⁶, Matty P Berg^{27

28}, Jason Beringer²⁹, Matthias M Boer⁴, José Antonio Bonet³⁰, Katherine Bunney¹³, Tynan J Burkhardt³¹, Dulcinéia Carvalho³², Dennis Castillo-Figueroa^{33

34}, Lucas A Cernusak³⁵, Alexander W Cheesman³⁵, Tainá M Cirne-Silva³², Jamie R Cleverly³⁵, Johannes H C Cornelissen³⁶, Timothy J Curran¹⁸, André M D'Angioli³⁷, Caroline Dallstream³⁸, Nico Eisenhauer^{39

40}, Fidele Evouna Ondo⁴¹, Alex Fajardo⁴², Romina D Fernandez²¹, Astrid Ferrer⁶, Marco A L Fontes³², Mark L Galatowitsch⁴³, Grizelle González⁴⁴, Felix Gottschall⁴⁵, Peter R Grace⁴⁶, Elena Granda⁴⁷, Hannah M Griffiths¹², Mariana Guerra Lara⁸, Motohiro Hasegawa⁴⁸, Mariet M Hefting⁴⁹, Nina Hinko-Najera⁵⁰, Lindsay B Hutley⁵¹, Jennifer Jones⁶, Anja Kahl⁵², Mirko Karan^{35

53}, Joost A Keuskamp^{54

55}, Tim Lardner²⁹, Michael Liddell³⁵, Craig Macfarlane⁵⁶, Cate Macinnis-Ng³¹, Ravi F Mariano³², M Soledad Méndez⁸, Wayne S Meyer⁵⁷, Akira S Mori⁵⁸, Aloysio S Moura³², Matthew Northwood⁵¹, Romà Ogaya⁵⁹, Rafael S Oliveira⁶⁰, Alberto Orgiazzi⁶¹, Juliana Pardo⁶², Guille Peguero⁶³, Josep Penuelas^{64

65}, Luis I Perez⁸, Juan M Posada⁶⁶, Cecilia M Prada⁶, Tomáš Přívětivý⁶⁷, Suzanne M Prober^{56

68}, Jonathan Prunier⁶⁹, Gabriel W Quansah⁷⁰, Víctor Resco de Dios^{71

72}, Ronny Richter^{52

73

74}, Mark P Robertson¹³, Lucas F Rocha³², Megan A Rúa⁷⁵, Carolina Sarmiento^{7

76}, Richard P Silberstein^{77

78}, Mateus C Silva⁷⁹, Flávia Freire Siqueira³², Matthew Glenn Stillwagon²², Jacqui Stol⁸⁰, Melanie K Taylor^{81

82}, François P Teste⁸³, David Y P Tng²⁰, David Tucker⁴⁶, Manfred Türke^{39

40}, Michael D Ulyshen⁸¹, Oscar J Valverde-Barrantes⁸⁴, Eduardo van den Berg⁷⁹, Richard S P van Logtestijn⁸⁵, G F Ciska Veen⁸⁶, Jason G Vogel⁸⁷, Timothy J Wardlaw⁸⁸, Georg Wiehl⁵⁶, Christian Wirth^{52

73}, Michaela J Woods⁷⁵, Paul-Camilo Zalamea^{7

76}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
² Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
³ Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
⁴ Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
⁵ School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
⁶ Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
⁷ Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama.
⁸ Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
⁹ Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
¹⁰ The Soil Biodiversity Group, Entomology Department, The Natural History Museum, London, UK.
¹¹ Department of Northern Biosphere Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Japan.
¹² School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
¹³ Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
¹⁴ School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.
¹⁵ Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
¹⁶ Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Services Division, Forestry Research Institute of Ghana, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Kumasi Ashanti Region, Ghana.
¹⁷ Department of Natural Resources Management, CSIR College of Science and Technology, Kumasi Ashanti Region, Ghana.
¹⁸ Department of Pest-management and Conservation, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand.
¹⁹ Departamento de Biología/Ecología/Laboratorio de Ecología Funcional y Ecosistémica, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá DC, Colombia.
²⁰ Centre for Rainforest Studies, The School for Field Studies, Yungaburra, QLD, Australia.
²¹ Instituto de Ecología Regional, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán-CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina.
²² Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
²³ School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
²⁴ School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
²⁵ Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA.
²⁶ UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG), AgroParisTech, CNRS, INRA, Universite des Antilles, Universite de Guyane, CIRAD, Kourou, France.
²⁷ Department of Ecology and Evolution, Amsterdam Institute of Life and Environment, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
²⁸ Community and Conservation Ecology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
²⁹ School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
³⁰ Joint Research Unit, CTFC-AGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain.
³¹ School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
³² Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
³³ Biology Department/Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
³⁴ Biology Department/Faculty of Natural Sciences/Functional and Ecosystem Ecology Lab, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
³⁵ College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.
³⁶ Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Systems Ecology Section, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
³⁷ Programa de pós-graduação em Ecologia, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
³⁸ Biology Department, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
³⁹ Experimental Interaction Ecology, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
⁴⁰ Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
⁴¹ National Agency for National Parks, Libreville, Gabon.
⁴² Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinaria (I3), Vicerrectoría Académica, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
⁴³ Biology Program, Centre College, Danville, KY, USA.
⁴⁴ International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Río Piedras, PR, USA.
⁴⁵ German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Leipzig, Germany.
⁴⁶ School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
⁴⁷ Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
⁴⁸ Department of Environmental System Science/Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan.
⁴⁹ Department of Biology/Faculty of Science/Ecology and Biodiversity, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
⁵⁰ Faculty of Science/School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Creswick, VIC, Australia.
⁵¹ Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia.
⁵² Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
⁵³ Ecosystem Processes, TERN (Australian Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network), Cairns, QLD, Australia.
⁵⁴ Biont Research, Utrecht, Netherlands.
⁵⁵ Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
⁵⁶ Land and Water, CSIRO, Wembley, WA, Australia.
⁵⁷ School of Biological Sciences, Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
⁵⁸ Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
⁵⁹ Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain.
⁶⁰ Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
⁶¹ European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy.
⁶² Department of Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canadá.
⁶³ Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
⁶⁴ Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, Bellaterra Barcelona, Spain.
⁶⁵ Global Ecology Unit, CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles Barcelona, Spain.
⁶⁶ Biology Department/Functional and Ecosystem Ecology Lab, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota DC, Colombia.
⁶⁷ Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Brno, Czechia.
⁶⁸ School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
⁶⁹ UMR ECOFOG/Laboratoire des Sciences du Bois, CNRS, Kourou GF, France.
⁷⁰ Soil Analytical Services, Soil Testing Laboratory, CSIR-Soil Research Institute, Kumasi Ashanti Region, Ghana.
⁷¹ Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida, Lérida, Spain.
⁷² School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China.
⁷³ German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena- Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
⁷⁴ Geoinformatics and Remote Sensing, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
⁷⁵ Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA.
⁷⁶ Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
⁷⁷ School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
⁷⁸ Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
⁷⁹ Departamento de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
⁸⁰ Land and Water, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
⁸¹ Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Athens, GA, USA.
⁸² Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
⁸³ Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis (IMASL), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina.
⁸⁴ Department of Biological Sciences, International Center of Tropical Biodiversity, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
⁸⁵ Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
⁸⁶ Department of Terrestrial Ecology, NIOO-KNAW, Wageningen, Netherlands.
⁸⁷ School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
⁸⁸ School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.

PMID: 36137034
DOI: 10.1126/science.abo3856

Termite sensitivity to temperature affects global wood decay rates

Amy E Zanne et al. Science. 2022.

. 2022 Sep 23;377(6613):1440-1444.

doi: 10.1126/science.abo3856. Epub 2022 Sep 22.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
² Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
³ Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
⁴ Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
⁵ School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
⁶ Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
⁷ Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama.
⁸ Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
⁹ Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
¹⁰ The Soil Biodiversity Group, Entomology Department, The Natural History Museum, London, UK.
¹¹ Department of Northern Biosphere Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Japan.
¹² School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
¹³ Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
¹⁴ School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.
¹⁵ Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
¹⁶ Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Services Division, Forestry Research Institute of Ghana, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Kumasi Ashanti Region, Ghana.
¹⁷ Department of Natural Resources Management, CSIR College of Science and Technology, Kumasi Ashanti Region, Ghana.
¹⁸ Department of Pest-management and Conservation, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand.
¹⁹ Departamento de Biología/Ecología/Laboratorio de Ecología Funcional y Ecosistémica, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá DC, Colombia.
²⁰ Centre for Rainforest Studies, The School for Field Studies, Yungaburra, QLD, Australia.
²¹ Instituto de Ecología Regional, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán-CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina.
²² Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
²³ School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
²⁴ School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
²⁵ Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA.
²⁶ UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG), AgroParisTech, CNRS, INRA, Universite des Antilles, Universite de Guyane, CIRAD, Kourou, France.
²⁷ Department of Ecology and Evolution, Amsterdam Institute of Life and Environment, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
²⁸ Community and Conservation Ecology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
²⁹ School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
³⁰ Joint Research Unit, CTFC-AGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain.
³¹ School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
³² Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
³³ Biology Department/Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
³⁴ Biology Department/Faculty of Natural Sciences/Functional and Ecosystem Ecology Lab, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
³⁵ College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.
³⁶ Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Systems Ecology Section, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
³⁷ Programa de pós-graduação em Ecologia, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
³⁸ Biology Department, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
³⁹ Experimental Interaction Ecology, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
⁴⁰ Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
⁴¹ National Agency for National Parks, Libreville, Gabon.
⁴² Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinaria (I3), Vicerrectoría Académica, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
⁴³ Biology Program, Centre College, Danville, KY, USA.
⁴⁴ International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Río Piedras, PR, USA.
⁴⁵ German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Leipzig, Germany.
⁴⁶ School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
⁴⁷ Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
⁴⁸ Department of Environmental System Science/Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan.
⁴⁹ Department of Biology/Faculty of Science/Ecology and Biodiversity, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
⁵⁰ Faculty of Science/School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Creswick, VIC, Australia.
⁵¹ Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia.
⁵² Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
⁵³ Ecosystem Processes, TERN (Australian Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network), Cairns, QLD, Australia.
⁵⁴ Biont Research, Utrecht, Netherlands.
⁵⁵ Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
⁵⁶ Land and Water, CSIRO, Wembley, WA, Australia.
⁵⁷ School of Biological Sciences, Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
⁵⁸ Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
⁵⁹ Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain.
⁶⁰ Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
⁶¹ European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy.
⁶² Department of Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canadá.
⁶³ Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
⁶⁴ Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, Bellaterra Barcelona, Spain.
⁶⁵ Global Ecology Unit, CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles Barcelona, Spain.
⁶⁶ Biology Department/Functional and Ecosystem Ecology Lab, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota DC, Colombia.
⁶⁷ Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Brno, Czechia.
⁶⁸ School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
⁶⁹ UMR ECOFOG/Laboratoire des Sciences du Bois, CNRS, Kourou GF, France.
⁷⁰ Soil Analytical Services, Soil Testing Laboratory, CSIR-Soil Research Institute, Kumasi Ashanti Region, Ghana.
⁷¹ Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida, Lérida, Spain.
⁷² School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China.
⁷³ German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena- Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
⁷⁴ Geoinformatics and Remote Sensing, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
⁷⁵ Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA.
⁷⁶ Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
⁷⁷ School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
⁷⁸ Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
⁷⁹ Departamento de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
⁸⁰ Land and Water, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
⁸¹ Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Athens, GA, USA.
⁸² Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
⁸³ Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis (IMASL), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina.
⁸⁴ Department of Biological Sciences, International Center of Tropical Biodiversity, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
⁸⁵ Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
⁸⁶ Department of Terrestrial Ecology, NIOO-KNAW, Wageningen, Netherlands.
⁸⁷ School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
⁸⁸ School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.

PMID: 36137034
DOI: 10.1126/science.abo3856

Abstract

Deadwood is a large global carbon store with its store size partially determined by biotic decay. Microbial wood decay rates are known to respond to changing temperature and precipitation. Termites are also important decomposers in the tropics but are less well studied. An understanding of their climate sensitivities is needed to estimate climate change effects on wood carbon pools. Using data from 133 sites spanning six continents, we found that termite wood discovery and consumption were highly sensitive to temperature (with decay increasing >6.8 times per 10°C increase in temperature)-even more so than microbes. Termite decay effects were greatest in tropical seasonal forests, tropical savannas, and subtropical deserts. With tropicalization (i.e., warming shifts to tropical climates), termite wood decay will likely increase as termites access more of Earth's surface.

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figshare/10.6084/m9.figshare.19920416

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Termite sensitivity to temperature affects global wood decay rates

Affiliations

Termite sensitivity to temperature affects global wood decay rates

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

MeSH terms

Associated data

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources