Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 Aug 27;9(9):1297.
doi: 10.3390/children9091297.

Disc Displacement of the Temporomandibular Joint and Facial Asymmetry in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Oana Almășan  1 , Daniel-Corneliu Leucuța  2 , Smaranda Buduru  1
Affiliations
Review

Disc Displacement of the Temporomandibular Joint and Facial Asymmetry in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Oana Almășan et al. Children (Basel). .

Abstract

Subjects with facial skeletal asymmetries have a higher incidence of anterior temporomandibular joint disc displacement. The objective of the study was to consolidate existing evidence on the connection between temporomandibular joint disc displacement and mandibular asymmetry in youngsters and adolescents. A thorough examination was undertaken in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane. To judge the publications' methodological quality Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used. From the 1011 identified records, eight were selected for the qualitative synthesis and five for the quantitative synthesis, amounting to 692 subjects. Fifteen cephalometric variables were meta-analyzed. The distance from menton (Me) to midline (lateral mandibular asymmetry) was significantly shorter [-1.75 (95% CI -2.43--1.07), p ≤ 0.001] in subjects with disc displacement compared to those without disc displacement. The distance from articulare (Ar) to gonion (Go) was significantly longer [3.74 (95% CI 1.04-6.44), p = 0.007] in subjects with disc displacement compared to those without disc displacement. The relationship between distance from articulare (Ar) to gonion (Go) or sella (S) to gonion (Go) and disc displacement was shown to be close to statistical significance level, but not for other cephalometric data. Disc displacement was associated with several cephalometric measurement variations in children and adolescents.

Keywords: jaw asymmetry; mandible; minors; temporomandibular disorder; youths.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors state that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Lateral cephalogram–anthropometric landmarks and lines. S, sella; N, nasion; SNA, the angle between sella, nasion and point A; SNB, the angle between sella, nasion and point B; ANB, the angle between point A, and point B; Go, gonion; Co, condylion; Ar, articulare; Gn, gnathion; Po, porion; Me, menton; 1lci, 1 lower central incisor; NB, nasion point B line; FM, Frankfurt plane; MP, mandibular plane.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Posteroanterior cephalogram–anthropometric landmarks and lines. Go, gonion; AGo, antegonion; N, nasion; Z, zygomatic point; ANS, anterior nasal spine; Me, menton, VMD, vertical mandibular displacement; LMD, lateral mandibular displacement; MeX, menton to the midline.
Figure 3
Figure 3
PRISMA illustration of the chosen studies.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plot for (mm) standardized mean change difference. MeX−distance from menton to midline; TE−effect; seTE—effect’s standard error; SM−the average discrepancy; CI-interval of confidence.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Forest plot for distance from articulare to gonion (mm) standardized mean change difference. Ar-Go—distance from articulare to gonion; TE—effect; seTE—effect’s standard error the effect; SM—the average discrepancy; CI—confidence interval.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Forest plot for distance from articulare to menton (mm) standardized mean change difference. Ar-Me—distance from articulare to menton; TE—effect; seTE—effect’s standard error of the effect; SM—the average discrepancy; CI—confidence interval.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Forest plot for distance from sella to gonion (mm) standardized mean change difference. S-Go—distance from sella to gonion; TE TE—effect; seTE—effect’s standard error; SM—the average discrepancy; CI—confidence interval.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Estomaguio G.A., Yamada K., Saito I. Unilateral Condylar Bone Change, Inclination of the Posterior Slope of the Articular Eminence and Craniofacial Morphology. Orthod. Waves. 2008;67:113–119. doi: 10.1016/j.odw.2008.04.001. - DOI
    1. Khojastepour L., Omidi M., Vojdani M., Bagheri K. Investigating Possible Correlation between Condylar Asymmetry and Clinical Dysfunction Indices in Patients with Temporomandibular Dysfunction Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic. J. Cranio-Maxillofac. Surg. 2019;47:438–442. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2018.12.012. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Guercio-Monaco E., De Stefano A., Impellizzeri A., Galluccio G. Association between the Temporomandibular Joint Disc Position on Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Mandibular Deviation on Posteroanterior Cephalogram: A Cross-Sectional Study in Adolescents. Clin. Ter. 2020;171:e509–e516. doi: 10.7417/CT.2020.2265. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Xie Q., Yang C., He D., Cai X., Ma Z., Shen Y., Abdelrehem A. Will Unilateral Temporomandibular Joint Anterior Disc Displacement in Teenagers Lead to Asymmetry of Condyle and Mandible? A Longitudinal Study. J. Craniomaxillofac. Surg. 2016;44:590–596. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2016.01.019. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Santana-Mora U., López-Cedrún J., Suárez-Quintanilla J., Varela-Centelles P., Mora M.J., Da Silva J.L., Figueiredo-Costa F., Santana-Penín U. Asymmetry of Dental or Joint Anatomy or Impaired Chewing Function Contribute to Chronic Temporomandibular Joint Disorders. Ann. Anat. Anat. Anz. 2021;238:151793. doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151793. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources