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. 2022 Sep 16;12(9):1311.
doi: 10.3390/biom12091311.

Phenolics from Defatted Black Cumin Seeds (Nigella sativa L.): Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Optimization, Comparison, and Antioxidant Activity

Abdelkrim Gueffai  1 , Diego J Gonzalez-Serrano  2 , Marios C Christodoulou  3 , Jose C Orellana-Palacios  2 , Maria Lopez S Ortega  2 , Aoumria Ouldmoumna  1 , Fatima Zohra Kiari  1 , Georgia D Ioannou  3 , Constantina P Kapnissi-Christodoulou  3 , Andres Moreno  2 , Milad Hadidi  2
Affiliations

Phenolics from Defatted Black Cumin Seeds (Nigella sativa L.): Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Optimization, Comparison, and Antioxidant Activity

Abdelkrim Gueffai et al. Biomolecules. .

Abstract

An ultrasound-assisted method was used for the extraction of phenolics from defatted black cumin seeds (Nigella sativa L.), and the effects of several extraction factors on the total phenolic content and DPPH radical scavenging activity were investigated. To improve the extraction efficiency of phenolics from black cumin seed by ultrasonic-assisted extraction, the optimal extraction conditions were determined as follows: ethanol concentration of 59.1%, extraction temperature of 44.6 °C and extraction time of 32.5 min. Under these conditions, the total phenolic content and DPPH radical scavenging activity increased by about 70% and 38%, respectively, compared with conventional extraction. Furthermore, a complementary quantitative analysis of individual phenolic compounds was carried out using the HPLC-UV technique. The phenolic composition revealed high amounts of epicatechin (1.88-2.37 mg/g) and rutin (0.96-1.21 mg/g) in the black cumin seed extracts. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction can be a useful extraction method for the recovery of polyphenols from defatted black cumin seeds.

Keywords: antioxidant; black cumin; extraction techniques; optimization; phenolic compounds; ultrasonic.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Diagnostic plots of predicted and actual values for TPC (a) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (b).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Perturbation plots showing the effect of extraction factors (A: ethanol concentration; B: temperature; C: extraction time) on TPC (a) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (b).
Figure 3
Figure 3
3D response surface plots showing the interactive effects of process factors on TPC (a) and DPPH (b).
Figure 4
Figure 4
HPLC chromatograms of phenolic compounds for extracts obtained by conventional extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction under the optimum conditions. (1) Gallic acid, (2) catechin, (3) epicatechin, (4) Caffeic Acid, (5) Rutin and (6) Quercetin.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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