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Review
. 2022 Sep 14;10(9):2286.
doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10092286.

The Evolution of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Dristhi Ragoonanan  1 , Irtiza N Sheikh  1 , Sumit Gupta  1 , Sajad J Khazal  1 , Priti Tewari  1 , Demetrios Petropoulos  1 , Shulin Li  2 , Kris M Mahadeo  1
Affiliations
Review

The Evolution of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Dristhi Ragoonanan et al. Biomedicines. .

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T) therapy is a revolutionary treatment for pediatric, adolescent and young adult patients (AYA) with relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. While the landscape of immunotherapy continues to rapidly evolve, widespread use of CAR T therapy is limited and many questions remain regarding the durability of CAR T therapy, methods to avoid CAR T therapy resistance and the role of consolidative stem cell transplant. Modified strategies to develop effective and persistent CAR T cells at lower costs and decreased toxicities are warranted. In this review we present current indications, limitations and future directions of CAR T therapy for ALL in the pediatric and AYA population.

Keywords: ALL; Bispecific CART; CART; CD19; CD22; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; chimeric antigen receptor.

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Conflict of interest statement

K.M.M. serves as a site investigator for, receives research funding from and has served as a medical consultant for Atara Biotherapeutics, and has received research and medical education funds from and served as a medical consultant for Jazz Pharmaceuticals.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Incidence of extramedullary disease relapse by site and response to chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Limitations and future directions of chimeric antigen receptor therapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. CAR: chimeric antigen receptor; HSCT: hematopoietic stem cell transplant.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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