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. 2022 Aug 24;13(9):1523.
doi: 10.3390/genes13091523.

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Local Chicken Ecotypes in Burkina Faso Using Microsatellite Markers

Zare Yacouba  1   2 , Houaga Isidore  3 , Kere Michel  2 , Gnanda B Isidore  1 , Traore Boureima  4   5 , Millogo Vinsoun  2 , Konkobo Maurice  6 , Bandaogo Ousseni  7 , Zongo Moussa  4 , Bougouma-Yameogo M C Valerie  2 , Rekaya Romdhane  8 , Nianogo A Joseph  2
Affiliations

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Local Chicken Ecotypes in Burkina Faso Using Microsatellite Markers

Zare Yacouba et al. Genes (Basel). .

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of local chicken ecotypes from Burkina Faso using microsatellite markers. A total of 71 individuals representing local chicken populations from the Centre-East (18), Centre-North (17), Sahel (18) and South-West (18) were used to estimate genetic diversity indices, population structure and phylogenetic relationships using 20 selected polymorphic microsatellite markers. The number of alleles, mean number of alleles, mean of observed and expected heterozygosity and polymorphic information content were 127, 6.35, 0.391, 0.521, 0.539 and 0.541, respectively. The estimated overall fixation index between loci (F), among populations (FIS) and inbreeding coefficient within chicken ecotypes were 0.239, 0.267 and 0.243, respectively. Analysis of the molecular variance revealed that 77% of the total genetic diversity was attributed to within-population variation and the remaining 1% and 22% were attributed to among-regions differentiation (FST) and among-individual differentiation (FIT), respectively. The highest pairwise genetic distance (0.026) was found between the local Konde ecotype and those from the Centre-North region while the lowest distance was observed between local chickens from the Sahel and the Centre-North regions (0.003). Neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree and principal component discriminant analyses confirmed the observed genetic distances between populations. The results show that local chickens in Burkina Faso have a rich genetic diversity with little differentiation between the studied populations. This study provides important information on measures of genetic diversity that could help in the design and implementation of future genetic improvement and conservation programs for local chickens in Burkina Faso.

Keywords: Burkina Faso; Konde chicken; genetic diversity; local chicken; microsatellite markers.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Evolution of the parameters estimating the value of K (likelihood).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Unrooted consensus tree constructed using standard genetic distance (Nei, 1972) describing the relationships between local chickens in the Centre-East (Konde ecotype), Centre-North, Sahel and South-West regions of Burkina Faso.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Dendrogram obtained by neighbour-joining cluster analysis among four local chicken ecotype in four regions evaluated using 20 microsatellites markers.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Phylogenetic tree based on the neighbour-joining describing the relationships between local chickens in the Centre-East (Konde ecotype), Centre-North, Sahel and South-West regions of Burkina Faso.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Genetic structure of four local chicken ecotypes from the Centre-East (Konde ecotype), Centre-North, Sahel and South-West regions of Burkina Faso.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Graphical representation of the discriminant principal component analysis (DAPC) using four local chicken ecotypes from the Centre-East (ecotype Konde), Centre-North, Sahel and South-West regions of Burkina Faso for spatial distribution.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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