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. 2022 Sep 15;11(18):2859.
doi: 10.3390/foods11182859.

Application of Pinhole Plasma Jet Activated Water against Escherichia coli, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Decontamination of Pesticide Residues on Chili (Capsicum annuum L.)

Choncharoen Sawangrat  1   2 , Yuthana Phimolsiripol  2   3   4 , Komgrit Leksakul  1   2 , Sa-Nguansak Thanapornpoonpong  2   5 , Phanumas Sojithamporn  1 , Maria Lavilla  6 , Juan Manuel Castagnini  4 , Francisco J Barba  4 , Dheerawan Boonyawan  2   7
Affiliations

Application of Pinhole Plasma Jet Activated Water against Escherichia coli, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Decontamination of Pesticide Residues on Chili (Capsicum annuum L.)

Choncharoen Sawangrat et al. Foods. .

Abstract

Plasma activated water (PAW) generated from pinhole plasma jet using gas mixtures of argon (Ar) and 2% oxygen (O2) was evaluated for pesticide degradation and microorganism decontamination (i.e., Escherichia coli and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) in chili (Capsicum annuum L.). A flow rate of 10 L/min produced the highest concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at 369 mg/L. Results showed that PAW treatment for 30 min and 60 min effectively degrades carbendazim and chlorpyrifos by about 57% and 54% in solution, respectively. In chili, carbendazim and chlorpyrifos were also decreased, to a major extent, by 80% and 65% after PAW treatment for 30 min and 60 min, respectively. E. coli populations were reduced by 1.18 Log CFU/mL and 2.8 Log CFU/g with PAW treatment for 60 min in suspension and chili, respectively. Moreover, 100% of inhibition of fungal spore germination was achieved with PAW treatment. Additionally, PAW treatment demonstrated significantly higher efficiency (p < 0.05) in controlling Anthracnose in chili by about 83% compared to other treatments.

Keywords: chili (Capsicum annuum L.); cold plasma; decontamination; pesticides; pinhole plasma jet; plasma activated water.

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Conflict of interest statement

Authors declare no conflict of interest and the funders had no role in the design of the study.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic diagram of pinhole plasma jet PAW operating at atmospheric pressure.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Degradation of (A) carbendazim and (B) chlorpyrifos residues in solution treated by DI water, PAW, NaHCO3, and NaClO as a function of treatment time.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Carbendazim degradation pathway proposed by Bojanowska-Czajka et al. [49].
Figure 4
Figure 4
Chlorpyrifos degradation pathway proposed by Yehia et al. [53]. Obtained permission, license number: 5386981096650.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The residues of (A) carbendazim, and (B) chlorpyrifos in chili for untreated chili and treated with NaHCO3, NaClO, DI water, and PAW. Error bars indicate standard deviation (n = 3). Different letters indicate the significantly different among treatments (p < 0.05).
Figure 6
Figure 6
The inactivation of E. coli in the suspension after being treated by DI water, NaHCO3, and PAW after treatment time for 15, 30, and 60 min.
Figure 7
Figure 7
SEM images of E. coli cells for (A) untreated PAW, and (B) treated by PAW. Arrow indicates the rapture of E. coli cells after PAW treatment.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Effect of ratio of chili and mediums (DI water, PAW, and NaHCO3) on E. coli inactivation with different treatment time in chili.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides after being treated with DI water, PAW, 10% NaClO, and 70% ethanol.
Figure 10
Figure 10
C. gloeosporioides spore germination after being treated for 48 h by (A) DI water, (B) PAW, (C) 10% NaClO, and (D) 70% ethanol.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Disease control of Anthracnose after PAW treatments, 10% NaClO, 70% ethanol, and DI water.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Disease control of Anthracnose in chili sample after treated by DI water, PAW, 10% NaClO, and 70% ethanol at 5, 15, 30, and 60 of treatment time.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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