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Review
. 2022 Sep 8;11(18):5288.
doi: 10.3390/jcm11185288.

Reconstructive Surgery and Joint-Sparing Surgery in Valgus and Varus Ankle Deformities: A Comprehensive Review

Silvio Caravelli  1 , Giulia Puccetti  1 , Emanuele Vocale  1 , Marco Di Ponte  1 , Camilla Pungetti  2 , Annalisa Baiardi  1 , Alberto Grassi  1 , Massimiliano Mosca  1
Affiliations
Review

Reconstructive Surgery and Joint-Sparing Surgery in Valgus and Varus Ankle Deformities: A Comprehensive Review

Silvio Caravelli et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the ankle affects about 1% of the world's adult population, causing an important impact on patient lives and health systems. Most patients with ankle OA can show an asymmetrical wear pattern with a predominant degeneration of the medial or the lateral portion of the joint. To avoid more invasive ankle joint sacrificing procedures, joint realignment surgery has been developed to restore the anatomy of the joints with asymmetric early OA and to improve the joint biomechanics and symptoms of the patients. This narrative, comprehensive, all-embracing review of the literature has the aim to describe the current concepts of joint preserving and reconstructive surgery in the treatment of the valgus and varus ankle early OA, through an original iconography and clear indications and technical notes.

Keywords: ankle deformity; early osteoarthritis; joint-sparing; reconstruction; review; surgery.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Visual artwork showing α angle of correction and MDTA (medial distal tibial angle). α: angular correction desired.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Visual artwork showing fibular lengthening osteotomy technique.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Visual artwork highlighting the bimalleolar angle.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Visual artwork showing supramalleolar osteotomy in varus ankle deformity.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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