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. 2022 Sep 19;14(18):3922.
doi: 10.3390/polym14183922.

Polyaniline/Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes-A Promising Photocatalyst Composite for Reactive Blue 4 Oxidation

Ashraf H Farha  1   2 , Maha A Tony  3   4 , Shehab A Mansour  3   4 , Ahmed B El Basaty  5
Affiliations

Polyaniline/Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes-A Promising Photocatalyst Composite for Reactive Blue 4 Oxidation

Ashraf H Farha et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

For the photocatalytic removal of the Reactive Blue 4 dye from an aqueous stream, new polyaniline/multi walled carbon nanotube nanocomposites (PANI-MWCNTs) were applied as a promising photocatalyst. The PANI-MWCNT nanocomposites were fabricated by aniline oxidation in the presence of MWCNTs using the typical direct oxidation polymerization route. The morphology, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and the UV-Vis absorbance spectra of the fabricated nanocomposites were studied and the attained data confirmed the good interaction between the MWCNTs and PANI matrix. The PANI-MWCNTs nanocomposites were varied according to the wt%, the MWCNTs, which ranged from 0-10 wt% and the corresponding resultant samples are labeled as P-0, P-3, P-5, P-5, P-7 and P-10, respectively. Such composites showed the high potential for the removal of the Reactive Blue 4 dye containing pollutants from wastewater. The starting concentration of the dye pollutants was halved during the first 5 min of UV illumination. The oxidation technique of Reactive Blue 4 over the prepared nanocomposites were processed in a different way and the highest catalytic activity corresponded to P-7. The process reached the complete dye removal in low concentrations of contaminants. The kinetics of the removal followed the pseudo-second order regime which possesses high correlation coefficients with the k2 in the range of 0.0036-0.1115 L.mg-1.min-1 for the Reactive Blue 4 oxidation. In this regard, the combination of the PANI and MWCNTs showed a superior novel photocatalytic activity in the oxidation of commercial textile dying wastewater, namely Reactive Blue 4. This study is the starting point for future applications on an industrial scale since the successful performances of the PANI-MWCNT on commercial dye oxidation.

Keywords: Reactive Blue 4; kinetics; oxidation; photocatalysis; polyaniline/multiwall-carbon nanotubes; ultraviolet.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Graphic illustration of the oxidation experimental procedure.
Figure 2
Figure 2
HR-TEM micrographs of (a,b) for P-0 and (c,d) for P-5 nanocomposites.
Figure 3
Figure 3
FTIR spectra of the investigated PANI/MWCNT nanocomposites.
Figure 4
Figure 4
UV-VIS absorption spectra of the investigated PANI/MWCNT nanocomposites.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Plot of (Ahv)2 versus photon energy (hv) for the PANI/MWCNT nanocomposites.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Effect of the initial Reactive Blue 4 loading on the PANI-MWCNTs system (Experimental conditions: PANI-MWCNTs: P-5).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Effect of the PANI-MWCNTs concentration of the Reactive Blue 4 oxidation (Experimental conditions: Reactive Blue 4: 10 ppm; PANI-MWCNTs: P-5).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Effect of the different wt% composites and PANI-MWCNTs systems on the Reactive Blue 4 oxidation (Experimental conditions: Reactive Blue 4 = 10 ppm; PANI-MWCNTs: P-5 = 10 mg/L).
Figure 9
Figure 9
Effect of the different light sources on the Reactive Blue 4 oxidation by the PANI-MWCNTs system (Experimental conditions: Reactive Blue 4 = 10 ppm; PANI-MWCNTs: P-5 = 10 mg/L).
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