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. 2022 Sep 7;22(18):6762.
doi: 10.3390/s22186762.

Prediction of the Physical Properties of a Structural Member by the Impact Hammer Test

Eun-Taik Lee  1 , Yu-Sik Hong  2 , Hee-Chang Eun  2
Affiliations

Prediction of the Physical Properties of a Structural Member by the Impact Hammer Test

Eun-Taik Lee et al. Sensors (Basel). .

Abstract

The frequency response function (FRF) in the frequency domain is a black box used to collect physical information and to indicate the modal characteristics of a dynamic system. Analyzing the collected FRF data through the impact hammer test, dynamic parameters, such as stiffness, mass, and the damping matrix, can be estimated. By extracting and analyzing the FRFs within certain ranges of the lowest few resonance frequencies, this study presents a nondestructive method to estimate the dynamic parameters and the material properties. Updating of the dynamic parameters and material properties is a crucial process for the subsequent design and maintenance. This study presents a method to estimate the physical properties of structural members using measured FRF data and generalized inverse. By extracting and analyzing the FRFs within certain ranges of the lowest few resonance frequencies, the dynamic parameters were predicted. It was observed in numerical experiments that the proposed method could properly estimate the elastic modulus and dynamic parameters of steel beams, although the results were affected by the extracted FRF ranges. The physical properties were close to more accurate values in taking the FRFs at more resonance frequencies, as the member was flexible. The proposed method was also extended to a nondestructive test for an estimation of the compressive strength of concrete. However, it faced difficulty due to the external noise contained in the measured data. It was found sin the nondestructive test that the proposed technique was affected by external noise, unlike a simple steel beam. The concrete strength could be predicted by taking the FRFs in a wide frequency range containing the lowest two resonance frequencies and by averaging the repeated test results.

Keywords: accelerometer; elastic modulus; frequency response function; impact hammer test; measurement; resonance frequency.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Layout of the impact hammer and accelerometers.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Elastic deflection curve: (a) both-end-fixed beam; (b) cantilevered beam.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Steel beam of a finite element model with accelerometers and impact hammer.
Figure 4
Figure 4
FRF receptance magnitude curve of a noise-free state.
Figure 5
Figure 5
A cantilevered beam subjected to an impulse force at the free end.
Figure 6
Figure 6
FRF receptance curve of a cantilevered beam.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Impact hammer test.
Figure 8
Figure 8
FRF inertance curve by the impact hammer test: (a) T-1; (b) T-2; (c) T-3; (d) T-4.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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