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Case Reports
. 2022 Jul 31:81:104247.
doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104247. eCollection 2022 Sep.

Renovascular hypertension secondary to Takayasu's arteritis in a child: Case report

Ricardo Filipe Souza Magalhães  1   2 , Priscilla Ribeiro Dos Santos Campelo  1   2 , Juliana da Costa Matos  3 , José Emerson Dos Santos Souza  1   2   3 , Paulo Inácio Alves Ramos Diniz  1   2   4 , Juan Eduardo Rios Rodriguez  4 , Marcos Velludo Bernardes  2   5 , Leonardo Pessoa Cavalcante  1   2   5   6
Affiliations
Case Reports

Renovascular hypertension secondary to Takayasu's arteritis in a child: Case report

Ricardo Filipe Souza Magalhães et al. Ann Med Surg (Lond). .

Abstract

Introduction: Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a chronic inflammatory arteriopathy of unknown etiology that affects the aorta and its branches. Inflammation leads to arterial stenosis, thrombosis, and aneurysm formation. Management strategies for TA include medical therapy and revascularization procedures after inflammation is controlled.

Presentation of the case: We report the case of a 12-year-old female patient, who presented with dyspnea and growth retardation. Initial clinical and radiological evaluations revealed hypertension and congestive heart failure. After controlling the inflammatory phase of the disease and blood pressure partially (with three antihypertensive agents), the patient underwent percutaneous balloon angioplasty of both renal arteries, with angiographic and clinical success. At the 2-year follow-up, she presented with re-stenosis of the right renal artery and progression of the supra-renal aortic stenosis. She was subjected to a second balloon angioplasty of the right renal artery and aortic balloon angioplasty.

Discussion: After controlling the inflammatory phase of the disease, stenotic and/or aneurysmal lesions can be addressed. Percutaneous revascularization of renal arteries is reasonable for patients with hemodynamically significant renal artery stenosis.

Conclusion: TA with renal involvement must be considered as an etiologic factor for secondary hypertension in young patients, even if there is no blood pressure difference between the upper extremities. In this case, renal and aortic stenosis were performed with low perioperative morbidity.

Keywords: Arteritis; Case report; Takayasu arteritis; Vascular surgical procedures.

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Conflict of interest statement

We do not have any conflicts of interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Abdominal aortic angiogram. Subocclusive lesions of both renal arteries and focal suprarenal aortic stenosis. Left anterior oblique view (A) and posteroanterior view (B).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Selective renal angiogram. Post balloon angioplasty immediate angiographic result of the right renal artery (A) and left renal artery (B).
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Abdominal aortic angiogram. Restenosis of the right renal artery (A) and progression of the suprarenal aortic stenosis (B).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Balloon angioplasty of the aortic lesion (A). Balloon angioplasty of the right renal lesion (B). Immediate post treatment nonselective aortic angiogram (C).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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