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. 2022 Sep 7:9:983511.
doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.983511. eCollection 2022.

Relationship between leisure-time physical activity and depressive symptoms under different levels of dietary inflammatory index

Yanwei You  1   2 , Yuquan Chen  3 , Jiahui Yin  4 , Zheng Zhang  5 , Kening Zhang  6 , Jing Zhou  7 , Shuai Jin  8
Affiliations

Relationship between leisure-time physical activity and depressive symptoms under different levels of dietary inflammatory index

Yanwei You et al. Front Nutr. .

Abstract

Depressive symptoms are major public health problems. Leisure-time Physical activity (LPA) and dietary inflammatory preference are emerging factors that tends to affect the mental health status. There is limited evidence regarding the joint influence of LPA and dietary status on the prevalence of depression. This study was a cross-sectional study, which used a nationwide represented sample from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to assess the relationship among LPA, diet status and depression. Depression and LPA status was reported by the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ), respectively. To assess dietary inflammatory preferences, dietary inflammatory index (DII) was applied based on a 24-h dietary recall interview. A total of 11,078 subjects was included in this study and weighted participants were 89,682,020. Weighted multivariable linear regression showed that DII was negatively associated with LPA after full adjustment, with β (95% CI): -0.487 (-0.647, -0.327). Weighted multivariable logistic regression showed that LPA was significantly associated with depressive symptoms after full adjustment, with odds ratios OR (95% CIs): 0.986 (0.977, 0.995). By DII stratification analysis, this phenomenon was also existed in groups with anti-inflammatory diet. Mediation effect analysis was further performed, which showed that DII significantly mediating the association between LPA and depression with proportion mediated as 3.94%. Our findings indicated the mediating role of DII in the association between LPA condition and incident depression. More well-designed studies are still needed to validate the causal relationship.

Keywords: cross-sectional study; depressive symptoms; dietary inflammatory index; leisure-time physical activity; mediation analyses.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Forest plots of (A) associations between dietary inflammatory index and leisure-time physical activity. (B) associations between leisure-time physical activity and depressive symptoms.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Path diagram of the mediation analysis model.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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