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. 2023 Jul;17(3):797-803.
doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1755624. Epub 2022 Sep 27.

Effects of Chrysin on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Vitro

Duangchewan Puengsurin  1 , Supranee Buranapraditkun  2   3   4 , Chayanee Leewansangtong  1 , Nitchakarn Taechaaukarakul  1 , Proud Songsivilai  1 , Rudee Surarit  1 , Nakarin Kitkumthorn  1
Affiliations

Effects of Chrysin on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Vitro

Duangchewan Puengsurin et al. Eur J Dent. 2023 Jul.

Abstract

Objective: Chrysin is a hydroxylated flavonoid derived from "propolis or bee glue," a natural product. Previous research on chrysin's biological functions, including anticancer activity, had been reported. However, chrysin's effect on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is still scarce. This article aimed to test the cytotoxicity, antiproliferative, antimigration, anti-invasion, and apoptotic effects of purified chrysin in two OSCC cell lines, HSC4 and SCC25.

Materials and methods: The malignant phenotype was assessed using cell proliferation, wound healing, and transwell assays. Cell apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry. The positive control was OSCC cells treated with cisplatin, and the negative control was OSCC cells incubated with 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide.

Results: Chrysin at concentrations of 100 and 200 µM could inhibit OSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as enhance cell apoptosis, particularly in the early stages of apoptosis.

Conclusion: In OSCC cell lines, chrysin has been demonstrated to be an effective antioncogenic agent. Additional research is required to confirm the results. Chrysin should be suggested as a possible alternative therapeutic application for OSCC.

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Conflict of interest statement

None declared.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Cytotoxicity effect of chrysin on cell lines in vitro using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay ( A ) HSC4 and ( B ) SCC25. The cells were treated with six concentrations of chrysin (50, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1,000 µM) for 24 hours. The antiproliferative effect of chrysin on cell lines in vitro using cell proliferation assay ( C ) HSC4, ( D ) SCC25. The cells were treated with two concentrations of chrysin (100 and 200 µM) for 1, 3, 5, and 7 days. The negative control contained 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Antimigratory effect of chrysin on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines in vitro using wound-healing assay. HSC4 and SCC25 cells were treated with two concentrations of chrysin (100 and 200 µM) for 24 hours, compared with the negative control (0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO]) and the positive control (100 µM cisplatin). ( A ) Microscopic pictures. ( B ) Histogram of HSC4. ( C ) Histogram of SCC25.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Anti-invasion effect of chrysin on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines in vitro using transwell assay. HSC4 and SCC25 cells were treated with two concentrations of chrysin (100 and 200 µM) for 24 hours, compared with the negative control (0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO]) and the positive control (100 µM cisplatin). ( A ) Microscopic pictures. ( B ) Histogram of HSC4. ( C ) Histogram of SCC25.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Apoptotic effect of chrysin on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines in vitro using flow cytometry assay. HSC4 and SCC25 cells were stained with annexin V and propidium iodide (PI). Both cells treated with two concentrations of chrysin (100 and 200 µM) for 24 hours, compared with the negative control (0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO]) and the positive control (100 µM cisplatin). ( A , B ) Flow cytometry gating. Histogram of ( C , D ) total apoptosis, ( E , F ) early apoptosis, and ( G , H ) late apoptosis.
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