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Review
. 2022 Nov 14;13(1):27-50.
doi: 10.2174/2212798412666220620104809.

Drug-food Interactions in the Era of Molecular Big Data, Machine Intelligence, and Personalized Health

Romy Roy  1 , Shamsudheen Marakkar  1 , Munawar Peringadi Vayalil  1 , Alisha Shahanaz  1   2 , Athira Panicker Anil  1   3 , Shameer Kunnathpeedikayil  1   4 , Ishaan Rawal  1 , Kavya Shetty  1 , Zahrah Shameer  5 , Saraswathi Sathees  1   6 , Adarsh Pooradan Prasannakumar  1 , Oommen Kaleeckal Mathew  7 , Lakshminarayanan Subramanian  8 , Khader Shameer  9 , Kamlesh K Yadav  10   11
Affiliations
Review

Drug-food Interactions in the Era of Molecular Big Data, Machine Intelligence, and Personalized Health

Romy Roy et al. Recent Adv Food Nutr Agric. .

Abstract

The drug-food interaction brings forth changes in the clinical effects of drugs. While favourable interactions bring positive clinical outcomes, unfavourable interactions may lead to toxicity. This article reviews the impact of food intake on drug-food interactions, the clinical effects of drugs, and the effect of drug-food in correlation with diet and precision medicine. Emerging areas in drug-food interactions are the food-genome interface (nutrigenomics) and nutrigenetics. Understanding the molecular basis of food ingredients, including genomic sequencing and pharmacological implications of food molecules, helps to reduce the impact of drug-food interactions. Various strategies are being leveraged to alleviate drug-food interactions; measures including patient engagement, digital health, approaches involving machine intelligence, and big data are a few of them. Furthermore, delineating the molecular communications across dietmicrobiome- drug-food-drug interactions in a pharmacomicrobiome framework may also play a vital role in personalized nutrition. Determining nutrient-gene interactions aids in making nutrition deeply personalized and helps mitigate unwanted drug-food interactions, chronic diseases, and adverse events from their onset. Translational bioinformatics approaches could play an essential role in the next generation of drug-food interaction research. In this landscape review, we discuss important tools, databases, and approaches along with key challenges and opportunities in drug-food interaction and its immediate impact on precision medicine.

Keywords: Drug-food interactions; big data; machine intelligence; nutrigenomics; pharmacomicrobiome.; precision medicine.

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Conflict of interest statement

KS received salary, consulting fees or honoraria from Philips Healthcare, Kencor Health, OccamzRazor, Alphabet, McKinsey& Company, BCG, LEK. KS has been an em- ployee of AstraZeneca at the time of publication. LS reports being a cofounder of Entrupy Inc, Velai Inc and Gaius Networks Inc, and has served as a consultant for the World Bank and the Governance Lab.

Figures

Fig. (1)
Fig. (1)
Different aspects that encompass optimal health.
Fig. (2)
Fig. (2)
Interrelation between bioavailability, bioaccessibility, and bioactivity.
Fig. (3)
Fig. (3)
Possible physical, chemical and kinetic changes due to drug-nutrient food interaction.
Fig. (4)
Fig. (4)
A network graph of Piperine the active component of black pepper. Stronger associations are represented by thicker lines. Protein-protein interactions are shown in grey, chemical-protein interactions in green and interactions between chemicals in red.
Fig. (5)
Fig. (5)
Overview of the process of metagenome data analysis.
Fig. (6)
Fig. (6)
Tranche of short-read sequence output.
Fig. (7)
Fig. (7)
Overview of the process of the genome assembly building.
Fig. (8)
Fig. (8)
Process of genome annotation in detail.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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