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Review
. 2022 Dec 1;1868(12):166559.
doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166559. Epub 2022 Sep 26.

Molecular and pro-inflammatory aspects of COVID-19: The impact on cardiometabolic health

Elena Lo Presti  1 , Domenico Nuzzo  2 , Wael Al Mahmeed  3 , Khalid Al-Rasadi  4 , Kamila Al-Alawi  5 , Maciej Banach  6 , Yajnavalka Banerjee  7 , Antonio Ceriello  8 , Mustafa Cesur  9 , Francesco Cosentino  10 , Alberto Firenze  11 , Massimo Galia  12 , Su-Yen Goh  13 , Andrej Janez  14 , Sanjay Kalra  15 , Nitin Kapoor  16 , Peter Kempler  17 , Nader Lessan  18 , Paulo Lotufo  19 , Nikolaos Papanas  20 , Ali A Rizvi  21 , Amirhossein Sahebkar  22 , Raul D Santos  23 , Anca P Stoian  24 , Peter P Toth  25 , Vijay Viswanathan  26 , Manfredi Rizzo  27 ; CArdiometabolic Panel of International experts on Syndemic COvid-19 (CAPISCO)
Affiliations
Review

Molecular and pro-inflammatory aspects of COVID-19: The impact on cardiometabolic health

Elena Lo Presti et al. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. .

Abstract

Obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), hypertension (HTN), and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) often cluster together as "Cardiometabolic Disease" (CMD). Just under 50% of patients with CMD increased the risk of morbidity and mortality right from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic as it has been reported in most countries affected by the SARS-CoV2 virus. One of the pathophysiological hallmarks of COVID-19 is the overactivation of the immune system with a prominent IL-6 response, resulting in severe and systemic damage involving also cytokines such as IL2, IL4, IL8, IL10, and interferon-gamma were considered strong predictors of COVID-19 severity. Thus, in this mini-review, we try to describe the inflammatory state, the alteration of the adipokine profile, and cytokine production in the obese state of infected and not infected patients by SARS-CoV2 with the final aim to find possible influences of COVID-19 on CMD and CVD. The immunological-based discussion of the molecular processes could inspire the study of promising targets for managing CMD patients and its complications during COVID-19.

Keywords: COVID; Cardiometabolic; Diabetes; Inflammation; Molecular.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: None reports was provided by none. None reports a relationship with none that includes: None has patent pending to none. None.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Molecular mechanisms linking obesity, typified by a state of low-grade inflammation, to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Cardiovascular complication in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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