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. 2023 Jan;90(1):105468.
doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2022.105468. Epub 2022 Sep 28.

Challenges in non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis

Denis Poddubnyy  1
Affiliations
Free article

Challenges in non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis

Denis Poddubnyy. Joint Bone Spine. 2023 Jan.
Free article

Abstract

Non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) is part of the spectrum or continuum of axSpA and is characterized by the absence of definite structural damage in the sacroiliac joints. The introduction of the concept of axSpA with two - non-radiographic and radiographic - stages stimulated activities related to the improvement of early diagnosis and treatment of this disease, but also opened a number of controversial topics in the field. In this article, we are discussing several challenges related to the concept of nr-axSpA, the diagnosis, and the treatment in the historical context and in the light of the recent data.

Keywords: Ankylosing spondylitis; Axial spondyloarthritis; Diagnosis; Imaging; MRI; Non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis; Treatment.

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