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. 2022 Sep 19:2022:4136641.
doi: 10.1155/2022/4136641. eCollection 2022.

Green Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Moringa oleifera Leaves and Its Antimicrobial and Cytotoxicity Activities

Gufran Mahmood Mohammed  1 , Sumaiya Naeema Hawar  1
Affiliations

Green Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Moringa oleifera Leaves and Its Antimicrobial and Cytotoxicity Activities

Gufran Mahmood Mohammed et al. Int J Biomater. .

Abstract

The plant occupied the largest area in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles, especially the medicinal plants, and it has shown great potential in biotechnology applications. In this study, green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Moringa oleifera leaves extract and its antifungal and antitumor activities were investigated. The formation of silver nanoparticles was observed after 1 hour of preparation color changing. The ultraviolet and visible spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy techniques were used to characterize synthesis particles. Ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy showed a silver surface plasmon resonance band at 434 nm. Fourier transform infrared analysis shows the possible interactions between silver and bioactive molecules in Moringa oleifera leaves extracts, which may be responsible for the synthesis and stabilization of silver nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction showed that the particles were a semicubic crystal structure and with a size of 38.495 nm. Scanning electron microscopy imaging shows that the atoms are spherical in shape and the average size is 17 nm. The transmission electron microscopy image demonstrated that AgNPs were spherical and semispherical particles with an average of (50-60) nm. The nanoparticles also showed potent antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria and fungi using the well diffusion method. Candida glabrata found that the concentration of 1000 μg/mL exhibited the highest inhibition. As for bacteria, the concentration of 1000 μg/mL appeared to be the inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus. Moringa oleifera AgNPs inhibited human melanoma cells A375 line significant concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects. The powerful bioactivity of the green synthesized silver nanoparticles from medical plants recommends their biomedical use as antimicrobial as well as cytotoxic agents.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The color changing of Moringa oleifera leaves extracts from yellow to dark reddish brown. (a) Leaves extract solution. (b) AgNO3 only. (c) Leaves extract after reaction with 1 mM AgNO3 solution at 25°C for 5 days.
Figure 2
Figure 2
UV-Vis absorption spectrum of M. oleifera leaves extract (green color line) and AgNPs (red color line). The absorption spectrum was recorded at room temperature after 5 days of the preparation period.
Figure 3
Figure 3
FTIR of the spectrum of green synthesized silver nanoparticles by M. oleifera leaves extracts.
Figure 4
Figure 4
XRD pattern formed after reaction of M. oleifera leaves extracts.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(a) SEM image showing AgNPs at the scale of 200 nm and (b) the size distribution of green synthesized silver nanoparticles.
Figure 6
Figure 6
(a) TEM image showing spherical nanoparticles of AgNPs at the scale of 100 nm and (b) the size distribution of green synthesized silver nanoparticles.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The antimicrobial activity assay against some pathogens. (a)–(c) Candida (yeasts). (d)–(f) Different bacteria, using the well diffusion method. (1) AgNO3. (2) Plant extract. (3) 1000 μg/mL. (4) 800 μg/mL. (5) 600 μg/mL.
Figure 8
Figure 8
The cytotoxicity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles against A375 human melanoma cell lines and WRL68 normal cell line.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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