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. 2022 Jul-Sep;21(3):255-261.
doi: 10.4103/aam.aam_65_21.

The ambulatory blood pressure monitoring among obese and nonobese diabetes mellitus patients

Hella Fiona Mathews  1 , Sunil Kumar  1 , B Madhu  1 , Oliver Joel Gona  1 , K M Srinath  1
Affiliations

The ambulatory blood pressure monitoring among obese and nonobese diabetes mellitus patients

Hella Fiona Mathews et al. Ann Afr Med. 2022 Jul-Sep.

Abstract

Background: Obesity and diabetes mellitus are two major factors related with the risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. Co-existing hypertension with diabetes mellitus and obesity has poor prognosis for cardiovascular diseases. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) correlates more closely to target organ damage than clinic blood pressure.

Objectives: The objective of the study is to assess and compare ABPM pattern among obese and nonobese diabetes mellitus patients.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among fifty obese and fifty nonobese diabetic patients who were classified based on their body mass index as per the WHO criterion. The clinical blood pressure measurements were measured on each subject using a digital sphygmomanometer, and 24 h ABPM was done and ABPM parameters such as dipping pattern, 24 h systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), Mean SBP, mean DBP, diurnal variability of SBP, DBP, Mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, SD systole (Standard Deviation systole), SD diastole, white coat hypertension was derived and compared between the two groups.

Results: Around 37 (74%) obese and 18 (36%) nonobese showed non dipping pattern in SBP and 28 (66.7%) of obese and 14 (33.3%) of nonobese showed a nondipping pattern in DBP and was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.001). On comparison between normotensive obese and normotensive nonobese, it was found that SBP non dipping pattern18 (67%) versus 9 (29%) and DBP nondipping pattern 12 (45%) versus 5 (16%) was statistically significant with P = 0.004, 0.016, respectively.

Conclusion: Obese diabetes mellitus subjects had altered ABPM parameters and increased prevalence of nondipping status. In addition, obese diabetic patients who did not give prior history of hypertension were also found to have higher nondipping SBP and DBP patterns.

Keywords: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring; blood pressure variability; diabetes mellitus; hypertension; nondipping; obesity.

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Conflict of interest statement

None

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Patient enrollment process
Figure 2
Figure 2
Dipping pattern in SBP among subjects
Figure 3
Figure 3
Dipping pattern in diastolic blood pressure (among subjects)
Figure 4
Figure 4
Dipping pattern in BP among hypertensive obese and nonobese subjects
Figure 5
Figure 5
Dipping pattern in BP among normotensive obese and nonobese subjects
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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