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Review
. 2022 Nov;40(4):397-413.
doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2022.07.001.

Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Initial Approach to Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Theresa Anderson  1 , Scott L Hummel  2 , Matthew C Konerman  3
Affiliations
Review

Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Initial Approach to Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Theresa Anderson et al. Cardiol Clin. 2022 Nov.

Abstract

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is common and increasing in prevalence. Despite this, HFpEF is challenging to diagnose due in part to its shared clinical features with other comorbid conditions. HFpEF is now understood as a systemic syndrome, often driven by pro-inflammatory comorbidities, rather than solely a cardiac disease. This review summarizes the epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiology of HFpEF and proposes a clinical approach for patients suspected of having or diagnosed with HFpEF.

Keywords: HFpEF comorbid conditions; HFpEF diagnosis; HFpEF pathophysiology; Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure Dr. Hummel is supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01-AG062582, R01-HL139813) and the Department of Veterans Affairs (RDC-2017-1066). Otherwise regarding this publication and contents written, all authors have nothing to disclose.