Adverse pregnancy outcomes after in vitro fertilization due to undiagnosed urogenital tuberculosis and proposed screening algorithm for patients from tuberculosis-endemic countries

Abstract

Objective: To report 2 cases of adverse pregnancy outcomes due to delayed diagnosis of urogenital tuberculosis and propose a screening algorithm for patients from tuberculosis-endemic countries.

Design: Case report.

Setting: Academic medical center.

Patients: Two patients with delayed diagnosis of urogenital tuberculosis leading to a fetal loss and a preterm delivery of an infant with congenital tuberculosis.

Interventions: Endometrial biopsy, acid-fast bacilli culture of urine, and endometrium.

Main outcome measures: Pregnancy outcomes.

Results: Fetal loss at 19 weeks and preterm delivery of an infant with congenital tuberculosis before urogenital tuberculosis treatment.

Conclusions: Patients who are at risk of urogenital tuberculosis should be screened in advance of infertility treatment to potentially prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Keywords: Urogenital tuberculosis; congenital tuberculosis; female genital tuberculosis, IVF; infertility.