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. 2023 Jun;27(6):443-451.
doi: 10.1007/s10151-022-02711-z. Epub 2022 Oct 12.

Long-term efficacy of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence and a new approach for partial responders

M Bosch-Ramírez  1 , L Sánchez-Guillén  2 , M J Alcaide-Quirós  1 , M M Aguilar-Martínez  1 , M Bellón-López  1 , A López Delgado  1 , F López-Rodríguez-Arias  1 , A Muñoz-Duyos  3 , X Barber-Valles  1   4   5 , A Arroyo  1
Affiliations

Long-term efficacy of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence and a new approach for partial responders

M Bosch-Ramírez et al. Tech Coloproctol. 2023 Jun.

Abstract

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) for patients with faecal incontinence (FI) refractory to conservative treatment. Secondary aims were to identify predictors of response and validate new treatment pathways for partial responders.

Methods: A prospective, interventional study was carried out in a specialist defecatory disorder unit from a university hospital between January 2010 and June 2017 on patients > 18 years old with FI refractory to conservative treatment. Thirty-minute PTNS sessions were performed in three phases (weekly, biweekly and monthly) up to a year, with clinical reassessment at 3, 6, 12 and 36 months. Patients were classified as optimal responders when their pretreatment Wexner score decreased > 50%; partial responders when it decreased 25-50%; and insufficient responders if it decreased < 25%. Only optimal and partial responders progressed into successive phases.

Results: Between 2010 and 2017, 139 patients (110 women, median age 63 years [range 22-82 years]) were recruited. After the first phase, 4 patients were optimal responders, 93 were partial responders and 36 were insufficient responders. At 6 and 12 months, 66 and 89 patients respectively were optimal responders, with an optimal response rate of 64% at the end of treatment. A total of 93.3% patients with a partial response initially finally became optimal responders. Furthermore, at 36 months, 71.9% of patients were still optimal responders without supplementary treatment, although their quality of life did not improve significantly. Baseline Wexner scores ≤ 10 and symptom duration < 1 year were identified as predictive factors for positive responses to PTNS.

Conclusions: Patients undergoing PTNS for 1 year following this protocol had optimal long-term responses. PTNS sessions for up to 1 year in patients who were partial responders prevents a high percentage of them from needing more invasive treatments, and maintains long-term continence in patients who were optimal responders.

Keywords: Faecal incontinence; Long term efficacy; Neuromodulation; Partial response; Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PTNS process. PTNS percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation, FIQLs faecal incontinence quality of life scale, RAFIS rapid assessment faecal incontinence score
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Clinical outcomes. OR optimal responders, PR partial responders, IR insufficient responders
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
CART diagram. CART classification and regression tree
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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