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Observational Study
. 2022 Sep 22;19(19):12019.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph191912019.

COVID-19 Mortality in Patients Aged 80 and over Residing in Nursing Homes-Six Pandemic Waves: OCTA-COVID Study

Claudia Ruiz-Huerta  1   2 , Marcelle V Canto  1 , Carmen Ruiz  1 , Ildefonso González  1   2 , Isabel Lozano-Montoya  2   3 , Maribel Quezada-Feijoo  2   4 , Francisco J Gómez-Pavón  2   3
Affiliations
Observational Study

COVID-19 Mortality in Patients Aged 80 and over Residing in Nursing Homes-Six Pandemic Waves: OCTA-COVID Study

Claudia Ruiz-Huerta et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

During the first COVID-19 pandemic wave in Spain, 50% of deaths occurred in nursing homes, making it necessary for some hospitals to support these facilities with the care of infected patients. This study compares origin, characteristics, and mortality of patients admitted with COVID-19 during six pandemic waves in the Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja in Madrid. It is a retrospective observational study of patients ≥80 years old, admitted with an acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, with a total of 546 patients included, whose final outcome was death or discharge. During the first wave, those from nursing homes had a higher risk of death than those from home; during the two successive waves, the risk was higher for those from home; and in the last two waves, the risk equalized and decreased exponentially in both groups. Men had 72% higher risk of death than women. For each year of age, the risk increased by 4% (p = 0.036). For each Charlson index point, the risk increased by 14% (p = 0.019). Individuals in nursing homes, despite being older with higher comorbidity, did not show a higher overall lethality. The mortality decreased progressively in each successive wave due to high vaccination rates and COVID-19 control measures in this population.

Keywords: COVID-19; elderly; hospital; mortality; nursing homes.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Evolution of hospital admissions and deceased patients because of COVID-19 during six pandemic waves. HCCR.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Risk factors associated with mortality from COVID-19 in patients from nursing homes: multivariate analysis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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