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Review
. 2022 Sep 27;23(19):11401.
doi: 10.3390/ijms231911401.

Tuning Functionalized Ionic Liquids for CO2 Capture

Ruina Zhang  1 , Quanli Ke  1 , Zekai Zhang  1 , Bing Zhou  1 , Guokai Cui  1 , Hanfeng Lu  1
Affiliations
Review

Tuning Functionalized Ionic Liquids for CO2 Capture

Ruina Zhang et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

The increasing concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is related to global climate change. Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is an important technology to reduce CO2 emissions and to deal with global climate change. The development of new materials and technologies for efficient CO2 capture has received increasing attention among global researchers. Ionic liquids (ILs), especially functionalized ILs, with such unique properties as almost no vapor pressure, thermal- and chemical-stability, non-flammability, and tunable properties, have been used in CCUS with great interest. This paper focuses on the development of functionalized ILs for CO2 capture in the past decade (2012~2022). Functionalized ILs, or task-specific ILs, are ILs with active sites on cations or/and anions. The main contents include three parts: cation-functionalized ILs, anion-functionalized ILs, and cation-anion dual-functionalized ILs for CO2 capture. In addition, classification, structures, and synthesis of functionalized ILs are also summarized. Finally, future directions, concerns, and prospects for functionalized ILs in CCUS are discussed. This review is beneficial for researchers to obtain an overall understanding of CO2-philic ILs. This work will open a door to develop novel IL-based solvents and materials for the capture and separation of other gases, such as SO2, H2S, NOx, NH3, and so on.

Keywords: CCUS; CO2-philic sorbent; active site; carbon neutral; chemisorption; decarbonization; functionalization; greenhouse gas control; separation; task-specific.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A summary of different kinds of functionalized ILs for CO2 capture.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Structures of typical cations and anions used for designing functionalized ILs.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Typical (a) direct methods and (b) indirect methods for synthesis of functionalized ILs for CO2 capture.
Figure 4
Figure 4
General mechanisms of amino-CO2 reactions for (a) primary or secondary amine, and (b) tertiary amine.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Typical (a) single-site and (b) multiple-site mechanisms of non-amino anion-CO2 reactions.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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