Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Induced by MYB Transcription Factors in Plants

Abstract

Anthocyanins act as polyphenolic pigment that is ubiquitously found in plants. Anthocyanins play a role not only in health-promoting as an antioxidant, but also in protection against all kinds of abiotic and biotic stresses. Most recent studies have found that MYB transcription factors (MYB TFs) could positively or negatively regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis. Understanding the roles of MYB TFs is essential in elucidating how MYB TFs regulate the accumulation of anthocyanin. In the review, we summarized the signaling pathways medicated by MYB TFs during anthocyanin biosynthesis including jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway, cytokinins (CKs) signaling pathway, temperature-induced, light signal, 26S proteasome pathway, NAC TFs, and bHLH TFs. Moreover, structural and regulator genes induced by MYB TFs, target genes bound and activated or suppressed by MYB TFs, and crosstalk between MYB TFs and other proteins, were found to be vitally important in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis. In this study, we focus on the recent knowledge concerning the regulator signaling and mechanism of MYB TFs on anthocyanin biosynthesis, covering the signaling pathway, genes expression, and target genes and protein expression.

Keywords: MYB TFs; anthocyanins; interactions between proteins; regulator pathway; target genes.

Figure 1

The signaling pathway medicated by MYB TFs during anthocyanin biosynthesis, such as JA signaling pathway (A), cytokinins (CKs) signaling pathway (B), temperature-induced (C), light signal (D), 26S proteasome pathway (E). JA, jasmonic acid; MeJA, jasmonic acid methyl ester.

Figure 2

Schematic model of the interaction between MYB TFs with other proteins. TFs, transcription factors.