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. 2022 Oct 7;27(19):6654.
doi: 10.3390/molecules27196654.

Comparison of the Antioxidant Activities and Polysaccharide Characterization of Fresh and Dry Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo

Wang Zhang  1 , Xinjie Liu  1 , Xun Sun  1 , Rongchun Han  2 , Nianjun Yu  2 , Juan Liang  2 , An Zhou  1   3
Affiliations

Comparison of the Antioxidant Activities and Polysaccharide Characterization of Fresh and Dry Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo

Wang Zhang et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

It is generally believed that fresh Dendrobium officinale (FDO) has more significant pharmacological activity than dried Dendrobium officinale (DDO); however, the difference has not been clearly shown. Our study compared their antioxidant properties both in vitro and in vivo, and the molecular weight arrangement and monosaccharide composition of the fresh Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides (FDOPs) and the dried Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides (DDOPs) were analyzed by HPLC-GPC and GC-MS. The results showed that the FDO and its polysaccharides had more significant effects on scavenging DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radicals than the DDO. In addition, both the FDO and DDO significantly reduced lipid peroxidation levels and increased the SOD, T-AOC, CAT, and GSH levels in mice with acute liver damage caused by CCl4, while the FDO and its polysaccharides were more effective. Histopathological analysis further verified the protective effect of the Dendrobium polysaccharides on CCl4-induced liver injury. The determination of the polysaccharides revealed that the polysaccharide and mannose contents of the FDO were significantly higher than their dried counterparts, and the homogeneous arrangement of the polysaccharides in the FDO was degraded into three polysaccharide fragments of different molecular weights in the DDO. Overall, our data identified differences in the antioxidant activities of the FDO and DDO, as well as the reasons for these differences.

Keywords: Dendrobium officinale; antioxidant activity; mannose; monosaccharide composition; polysaccharide.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The scavenging effects of the FDO (fresh Dendrobium officinale) and DDO (dried Dendrobium officinale) on DPPH (a), ABTS (b), and hydroxyl free radicals (c).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effects of FDO, DDO, FDOP (fresh Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide), and DDOP (dried Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide) on antioxidant parameters including CAT activities, GSH levels, MDA levels, SOD activities, and T-AOC activities in the liver, (a) and SOD and T-AOC) activities in serum (b) of CCl4-treated mice. All data were presented as means ± SD (n = 6) and analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by least significant differences (LSD) multiple comparison and Dunnett’s T3 tests. Different alphabets (a–c) in pictures showed a significant difference (p < 0.05). NC: negative control; CCl4, tetrachloromethane, widely used to induce toxic liver injury in various experimental animals.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Histopathological effects of FDO, DDO, FDOP, and DDOP on CCl4-induced hepatic injury (×200). Liver tissues were obtained from normal control mice (a), CCl4-treated mice (b), FDO + CCl4-treated mice (c), DDO + CCl4-treated mice (d), FDOP + CCl4-treated mice (e), DDOP + CCl4-treated mice (f). NC: negative control; CCl4, tetrachloromethane, widely used to induce toxic liver injury in various experimental animals.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The molecular weight analysis of the FDOP (a) and DDOP (b) was shown by HPLC-GPC.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Monosaccharide standard and monosaccharide components of the FDOP and DDOP were analyzed by GC-MS. Mixed standard solutions of monosaccharides (a) (rhamnose, aldose, xylose, mannose, glucose and galactose in the sequence from left to right 1–6); FDOP samples (b); DDOP samples (c).
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