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Review
. 2022 Oct 4;14(19):4130.
doi: 10.3390/nu14194130.

Mediterranean Diet and Thyroid: An Interesting Alliance

Giuseppe Bellastella  1   2 , Lorenzo Scappaticcio  1 , Francesco Caiazzo  2 , Maria Tomasuolo  1 , Raffaela Carotenuto  2 , Mariangela Caputo  2 , Stefania Arena  1 , Paola Caruso  2 , Maria Ida Maiorino  1   2 , Katherine Esposito  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Mediterranean Diet and Thyroid: An Interesting Alliance

Giuseppe Bellastella et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

The Mediterranean diet, recognized as being cultural heritage by UNESCO, is mostly plant-based and includes a high consumption of whole-grain, fruit, and vegetables with a moderate consumption of alcohol during meals. Thus, it provides a small amount of saturated fatty acids and a high quantity of antioxidants and fiber. For this reason, it has been considered to have an important role in preventing cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer, but its relationship with thyroid function and diseases is still under debate. The aim of this review was to search for the possible correlation between the Mediterranean diet and thyroid function, and to critically evaluate the pathophysiological link between selected food intake and thyroid disorders.

Keywords: Mediterranean diet; thyroid autoimmunity; thyroid cancer; thyroid function.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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