Nutraceuticals and COVID-19: A mechanistic approach toward attenuating the disease complications

doi:10.1111/jfbc.14445

Review

. 2022 Dec;46(12):e14445.

doi: 10.1111/jfbc.14445. Epub 2022 Oct 14.

Nutraceuticals and COVID-19: A mechanistic approach toward attenuating the disease complications

Keshav Raj Paudel¹, Vyoma Patel^{2

3

4}, Sukriti Vishwas⁵, Saurabh Gupta⁶, Sumit Sharma⁶, Yinghan Chan⁷, Niraj Kumar Jha⁸, Jesus Shrestha⁹, Mohammad Imran¹⁰, Nisha Panth¹, Shakti Dhar Shukla^{2

3}, Saurav Kumar Jha¹¹, Hari Prasad Devkota¹², Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani^{9

13}, Sachin Kumar Singh^{3

5}, Md Khadem Ali^{14

15}, Gaurav Gupta^{16

17

18}, Dinesh Kumar Chellappan⁷, Philip M Hansbro¹, Kamal Dua^{2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Centre of Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, Australia.
² Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
³ Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia.
⁴ School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
⁵ School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India.
⁶ Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India.
⁷ Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
⁸ Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Nioda, India.
⁹ School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
¹⁰ Therapeutics Research Group, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
¹¹ Department of Biomedicine, Health and Life Convergence Sciences, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, Korea.
¹² Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
¹³ Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
¹⁴ Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
¹⁵ Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
¹⁶ School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, India.
¹⁷ Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
¹⁸ Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India.

PMID: 36239436
PMCID: PMC9874507
DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14445

Review

Nutraceuticals and COVID-19: A mechanistic approach toward attenuating the disease complications

Keshav Raj Paudel et al. J Food Biochem. 2022 Dec.

. 2022 Dec;46(12):e14445.

doi: 10.1111/jfbc.14445. Epub 2022 Oct 14.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Centre of Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, Australia.
² Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
³ Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia.
⁴ School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
⁵ School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India.
⁶ Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India.
⁷ Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
⁸ Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Nioda, India.
⁹ School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
¹⁰ Therapeutics Research Group, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
¹¹ Department of Biomedicine, Health and Life Convergence Sciences, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, Korea.
¹² Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
¹³ Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
¹⁴ Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
¹⁵ Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
¹⁶ School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, India.
¹⁷ Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
¹⁸ Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India.

PMID: 36239436
PMCID: PMC9874507
DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14445

Abstract

Nutraceuticals have emerged as potential compounds to attenuate the COVID-19 complications. Precisely, these food additives strengthen the overall COVID treatment and enhance the immunity of a person. Such compounds have been used at a large scale, in almost every household due to their better affordability and easy access. Therefore, current research is focused on developing newer advanced formulations from potential drug candidates including nutraceuticals with desirable properties viz, affordability, ease of availability, ease of administration, stability under room temperature, and potentially longer shelf-lives. As such, various nutraceutical-based products such as compounds could be promising agents for effectively managing COVID-19 symptoms and complications. Most importantly, regular consumption of such nutraceuticals has been shown to boost the immune system and prevent viral infections. Nutraceuticals such as vitamins, amino acids, flavonoids like curcumin, and probiotics have been studied for their role in the prevention of COVID-19 symptoms such as fever, pain, malaise, and dry cough. In this review, we have critically reviewed the potential of various nutraceutical-based therapeutics for the management of COVID-19. We searched the information relevant to our topic from search engines such as PubMed and Scopus using COVID-19, nutraceuticals, probiotics, and vitamins as a keyword. Any scientific literature published in a language other than English was excluded. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Nutraceuticals possess both nutritional values and medicinal properties. They can aid in the prevention and treatment of diseases, as well as promote physical health and the immune system, normalizing body functions, and improving longevity. Recently, nutraceuticals such as probiotics, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, trace minerals, and medicinal plants have attracted considerable attention and are widely regarded as potential alternatives to current therapeutic options for the effective management of various diseases, including COVID-19.

Keywords: COVID-19; nutraceuticals; probiotics; vitamins.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

**FIGURE 1**
Management of COVID‐19 symptoms by nutraceuticals

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

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[1] Agrawal, T. , Gupta, G. K. , & Agrawal, D. K. (2013, June). Vitamin D supplementation reduces airway hyperresponsiveness and allergic airway inflammation in a murine model. Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 43(6), 672–683. 10.1111/cea.12102 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[2] Agrawal, T. , Gupta, G. K. , & Agrawal, D. K. (2013, June). Vitamin D supplementation reduces airway hyperresponsiveness and allergic airway inflammation in a murine model. Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 43(6), 672–683. 10.1111/cea.12102 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[3] Al Kassaa, I. , Hober, D. , Hamze, M. , Chihib, N. E. , & Drider, D. (2014, December). Antiviral potential of lactic acid bacteria and their bacteriocins. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, 6(3‐4), 177–185. 10.1007/s12602-014-9162-6 - DOI - PubMed

[4] Al Kassaa, I. , Hober, D. , Hamze, M. , Chihib, N. E. , & Drider, D. (2014, December). Antiviral potential of lactic acid bacteria and their bacteriocins. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, 6(3‐4), 177–185. 10.1007/s12602-014-9162-6 - DOI - PubMed

[5] Al Sulaiman, K. , Aljuhani, O. , Saleh, K. B. , Badreldin, H. A. , Al Harthi, A. , Alenazi, M. , Alharbi, A. , Algarni, R. , Al Harbi, S. , Alhammad, A. M. , Vishwakarma, R. , & Aldekhyl, S. (2021, September 3). Ascorbic acid as an adjunctive therapy in critically ill patients with COVID‐19: A propensity score matched study. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 17648. 10.1038/s41598-021-96703-y - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[6] Al Sulaiman, K. , Aljuhani, O. , Saleh, K. B. , Badreldin, H. A. , Al Harthi, A. , Alenazi, M. , Alharbi, A. , Algarni, R. , Al Harbi, S. , Alhammad, A. M. , Vishwakarma, R. , & Aldekhyl, S. (2021, September 3). Ascorbic acid as an adjunctive therapy in critically ill patients with COVID‐19: A propensity score matched study. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 17648. 10.1038/s41598-021-96703-y - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[7] Andres‐Lacueva, C. , Monagas, M. , Khan, N. , Izquierdo‐Pulido, M. , Urpi‐Sarda, M. , Permanyer, J. , & Lamuela‐Raventos, R. M. (2008, May 14). Flavanol and flavonol contents of cocoa powder products: Influence of the manufacturing process. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56(9), 3111–3117. 10.1021/jf0728754 - DOI - PubMed

[8] Andres‐Lacueva, C. , Monagas, M. , Khan, N. , Izquierdo‐Pulido, M. , Urpi‐Sarda, M. , Permanyer, J. , & Lamuela‐Raventos, R. M. (2008, May 14). Flavanol and flavonol contents of cocoa powder products: Influence of the manufacturing process. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56(9), 3111–3117. 10.1021/jf0728754 - DOI - PubMed

[9] Andrews, K. W. , Schweitzer, A. , Zhao, C. , Holden, J. M. , Roseland, J. M. , Brandt, M. , Dwyer, J. T. , Picciano, M. F. , Saldanha, L. G. , Fisher, K. D. , Yetley, E. , Betz, J. M. , & Douglass, L. (2007, September). The caffeine contents of dietary supplements commonly purchased in the US: Analysis of 53 products with caffeine‐containing ingredients. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 389(1), 231–239. 10.1007/s00216-007-1437-2 - DOI - PubMed

[10] Andrews, K. W. , Schweitzer, A. , Zhao, C. , Holden, J. M. , Roseland, J. M. , Brandt, M. , Dwyer, J. T. , Picciano, M. F. , Saldanha, L. G. , Fisher, K. D. , Yetley, E. , Betz, J. M. , & Douglass, L. (2007, September). The caffeine contents of dietary supplements commonly purchased in the US: Analysis of 53 products with caffeine‐containing ingredients. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 389(1), 231–239. 10.1007/s00216-007-1437-2 - DOI - PubMed

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Nutraceuticals and COVID-19: A mechanistic approach toward attenuating the disease complications

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Nutraceuticals and COVID-19: A mechanistic approach toward attenuating the disease complications

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