Incidence, prevalence, and treatment patterns in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer in Spain: ECHOS study

Abstract

Introduction and objective: The management of patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) has changed in recent years due to the approval of new drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, incidence, and treatment patterns in mHSPC in Spain.

Patients and methods: Multicenter, observational, longitudinal, retrospective study in routine clinical practice of patients diagnosed with mHSPC treated in Spanish hospitals between 2015 and 2019 (ECHOS study). Electronic medical records were extracted from BIG-PAC database, which contains geographically representative Spanish centers.

Results: Data from 379 men with mHSPC were included. The prevalence of mHSPC ranged between 12.2-14.6% per year, representing from 671 to 824 annual cases with an increasing trend. The mean incidence along the 4-year period was 2.5%, with annual incidence ranging 2.2-3.0%. New annual cases of de novo and recurrent disease ranged between 7-11 and 77-104, respectively, with no trend being observed. These patients were mostly recurrent (91%) with high-volume disease (68.6%). The most common first-line therapy was ADT combined with docetaxel (53%), followed by ADT alone (23.8%), combination of ADT and abiraterone (11.2%), and radiotherapy (8.6%). In the last 12 months before diagnosis of metastasis, most men had been submitted to radical prostatectomy (84.9%). The remaining patients had received radiotherapy (12%) or no treatment at all (3.8%).

Conclusions: The ECHOS study provides epidemiologic data and current patterns of treatment in clinical practice of patients with mHSPC in Spain. These results emphasize the medical need of targeted treatments in these clinical settings.

Keywords: Cáncer de próstata; Epidemiology; Epidemiología; Hormone-sensitive; Hormonosensible; Incidence; Incidencia; Metastatic; Metastásico; Prevalence; Prevalencia; Prostate cancer; Tratamientos; Treatments.