Parent Weight, Diet, Active Living, and Food-Related Outcomes of the Family-Focused:NU-HOME Randomized Controlled Trial: NU-HOME Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background: Little is known about parent outcomes of rural, family-focused childhood obesity prevention trials.

Objective: Our aim was to evaluate parent outcomes of the rural, family-focused NU-HOME (New Ulm at HOME [Healthy Offerings via the Mealtime Environment]) randomized controlled trial designed to prevent obesity in children aged 7 through 10 years.

Design: Families were randomized to the intervention or wait-list control group after baseline data collection. Staff measured parent height, weight, and percent body fat. Surveys measured parent cognitive and behavioral outcomes (eg, portion-size confidence, dietary intake, total and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and screen time). Post-intervention data were collected 8 to 10 months after baseline.

Participants/setting: The randomized controlled trial took place in rural, south central Minnesota, and enrolled parent and child dyads (N = 114; 2017-2018); 98 parents provided data at post intervention (2018-2019) and comprise the analytic sample. Parent inclusion criteria were being the primary meal preparer, living with the child most of the time, and being willing to attend intervention sessions. Exclusion criteria were planning to move or having a medical condition that would contraindicate participation.

Intervention: The theory-guided intervention (7 sessions and 4 goal-setting calls) focused on family eating and active living behaviors.

Main outcome measures: Height, weight, and percent body fat were measured and the survey assessed diet, active living, and food-related outcomes.

Statistical analyses performed: Multiple linear regression models tested change in parent outcomes from baseline to post intervention by treatment group adjusted for demographic characteristics and baseline values.

Results: In the intervention group vs control group, parent total weekly hours of physical activity was 1.73 hours higher (95% CI 0.11 to 3.35 hours) and portion-size confidence was 1.49 points higher (95% CI 0.78 to 2.19). No other statistically significant changes were observed by treatment group.

Conclusions: Findings indicate that parent cognitive and behavioral outcomes are amenable to change in family-focused childhood obesity prevention programs. Parent increases in portion-size confidence and total physical activity hours may support long-term parent health and provide positive context for child health.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02973815.

Keywords: Childhood obesity prevention; Intervention; Parent outcomes; Randomized controlled trial; Rural.

Figure 1.

NU-HOME Consort Flow Diagram for Randomized Clinical Trial * 14 additional participants are included in ClinicalTrials.gov data. These 14 participants were community Action Team members who advised various aspects informing the study and were not clinical trial participants, and thus, are not included in this figure.

Figure 2.

Parent intervention topics and teaching strategies of the New Ulm at HOME (Healthy Offerings via the Mealtime Environment [NU-HOME]) randomized controlled trial in south central Minnesota. ^aSSB = sugar-sweetened beverage.