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. 2022 Sep 29:9:992815.
doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.992815. eCollection 2022.

Differential regulation and preventive mechanisms of green tea powder with different quality attributes on high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice

Jin Wang  1 , Lu Dong  1 , Jia-Qiang Hu  1 , Yuan-Yi-Fei Wang  1 , Ang Li  1 , Bo Peng  1 , Bo-Wei Zhang  1 , Jing-Min Liu  1 , Shuo Wang  1
Affiliations

Differential regulation and preventive mechanisms of green tea powder with different quality attributes on high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice

Jin Wang et al. Front Nutr. .

Abstract

Tea powder has been reported to have some physiological functions. However, there is no report on whether there are differences in the active ingredients of tea powder with different qualities and whether there are different prebiotic mechanisms. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of different qualities of tea powder on preventing obesity from different aspects, namely antioxidation, inflammation, lipid-lowering, and intestinal flora, using an obesity mouse model. The results showed that all three types of tea powder with different qualities could reduce body weight and decrease serum TC, TG, and LDL-C. However, tea powder with different quality attributes exhibited diverse modulatory effects and mechanisms. Tender tea powder contained more tea polyphenols, and it had a better effect on improving oxidative stress. Tender tea powder significantly decreased the abundances of Blautia, Bilophila, and Oscillibacter, and increased the abundances of Alloprevotella, Lachnoclostridium, Romboutsia, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-004. Coarse tea powder contained more dietary fiber, and had a better effect on reducing the food intake and improving lipid metabolism, which could reduce lipid synthesis and increase lipid β-oxidation. Coarse tea powder significantly decreased the abundance of Dubosiella and increased the abundances of the Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136 group and Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002. Our findings provide a theoretical reference for the comprehensive utilization of tea powder.

Keywords: different qualities of green tea powder; gut microbiota; mechanisms; modulatory effects; prevent obesity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Different qualities of green tea powder reduced body weight and improved dyslipidemia. (A) Mean energy intake. (B) Body weight variation trend. (C) Serum TC levels. (D) Serum TG levels. (E) Serum HDL-C levels. (F) Serum LDL-C levels. (G) Epididymal fat weight. (H) Perirenal fat weight. Different letters (a–c) showed significant difference (p < 0.05).
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Histological examination of the liver and colon tissues (H&E, 100 ×). (A) Histological examination of liver tissue. (B) Histological examination of the colon tissue. Red callouts indicated inflammation; blue callouts indicated fat deposits.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Different qualities of green tea powder reduced the systemic inflammation response of high-fat diet induced obesity in mice. (A) Serum IL-6 concentrations. (B) Serum TNF-α concentrations. (C) Serum LPS concentrations. (D) IL-6 mRNA expression levels in the liver. (E) IL-1β mRNA expression levels in the liver. (F) TNF-α mRNA expression levels in the liver. (G) IL-6 mRNA expression levels in the colon. (H) IL-1β mRNA expression levels in the colon. (I) TNF-α mRNA expression levels in the colon. Different letters (a–c) showed significant difference (p < 0.05).
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Different qualities of green tea powder improved the lipid metabolism related mRNA genes expression in the high-fat diet induced obesity mice. (A) PPARα mRNA expression levels. (B) FAS mRNA expression levels. (C) PPARγ mRNA expression levels. (D) SREBP1c mRNA expression levels. (E) CPT-1 mRNA expression levels. (F) LXR mRNA expression levels. Different letters (a–c) showed significant difference (p < 0.05).
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Green tea powder with different qualities modulated the gut microbiota in high-fat diet induced obesity mice. (A) Cecal microbiota composition at the phylum level. (B) Heatmap of the cecal microbiota at the genus level. (C) Venn diagram of intersection relation in the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of cecal microbiota among groups.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
Comparison of the differential intestinal bacteria between the F group and green tea powder group at the genus level (p < 0.05). (A) Comparison of the differential intestinal bacteria between the F group and T group. (B) Comparison of the differential intestinal bacteria between the F group and M group. (C) Comparison of the differential intestinal bacteria between the F group and C group.
FIGURE 7
FIGURE 7
(A) Comparison of bacterial functions predicted by Tax4Fun among groups. (B) Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) analysis of between the cecal microbiota and environmental factors. (C) Heatmap of Pearson correlation analysis between specific microbiota and obesity related indexes, including SOD, GSH, CAT, PPARα, CPT1, LPS, IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, PPARγ, SREBP1c, FAS, and LXR. The green color represented negative correlation, and red color represented positive correlation. A significant correlation is labeled by * p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
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