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. 2022 Sep 30:13:1006076.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1006076. eCollection 2022.

Phosphate and IL-10 concentration as predictors of long-covid in hemodialysis patients: A Brazilian study

Hugo L Corrêa  1 , Lysleine A Deus  1 , Thaís B Araújo  1 , Andrea L Reis  1 , Carlos E N Amorim  2 , André B Gadelha  1   3   4 , Rafael L Santos  1 , Fernando S Honorato  1 , Daisy Motta-Santos  5 , Carmen Tzanno-Martins  6 , Rodrigo V P Neves  1 , Thiago S Rosa  1
Affiliations

Phosphate and IL-10 concentration as predictors of long-covid in hemodialysis patients: A Brazilian study

Hugo L Corrêa et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

Background: The global burden of persistent COVID-19 in hemodialysis (HD) patients is a worrisome scenario worth of investigation for the critical care of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We performed an exploratory post-hoc study from the trial U1111-1237-8231 with two specific aims: i) to investigate the prevalence of COVID-19 infection and long COVID symptoms from our Cohort of 178 Brazilians HD patients. ii) to identify whether baseline characteristics should predict long COVID in this sample.

Methods: 247 community-dwelling older (>60 years) patients (Men and women) undergoing HD (glomerular filtration rate < 15 mL/min/1.73m2) with arteriovenous fistula volunteered for this study. All patients presented hypertension and diabetes. Patients were divided in two groups: without long-COVID and with long-COVID. Body composition, handgrip strength, functional performance, iron metabolism, phosphate, and inflammatory profile were assessed. Patients were screened for 11-months after COVID-19 infection. Results were considered significant at P < 0.05.

Results: We found that more than 85% of the COVID-19 infected patients presented a severe condition during the infection. In our sample, the mortality rate over 11-month follow was relatively low (8.4%) when compared to worldwide (approximately 36%). Long COVID was highly prevalent in COVID-19 survivors representing more than 80% of all cases. Phosphate and IL-10 were higher in the long COVID group, but only phosphate higher than 5.35 mg/dL appears to present an increased prevalence of long COVID, dyspnea, and fatigue.

Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of COVID-19 infection and long COVID in HD patients from the Brazilian trial 'U1111-1237-8231'. HD clinics should be aware with phosphate range in HD patients as a possible target for adverse post-COVID events.

Keywords: hemodialysis; inflammation; nephrology; phosphate; post-COVID.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Participant’s flow-chart.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Percent of long covid symptoms (A), frequency of men and women for each number of post-covid symptoms, and frequency of each symptom in hemodialysis patients (B). Percent of each post-covid symptoms (C) .
Figure 3
Figure 3
Heat map of the correlation matrix between phosphate ≥ 5.35 with each post COVID symptoms.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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